气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Precise timing of abrupt increase in dust activity in the Middle East coincident with 4.2 ka social change

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.1808103115
	Precise timing of abrupt increase in dust activity in the Middle East coincident with 4.2 ka social change
	Carolin S.A.; Walker R.T.; Day C.C.; Ersek V.; Alastair Sloan R.; Dee M.W.; Talebian M.; Henderson G.M.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	67
结束页码	72
卷号	116 期号:1
英文摘要	The extent to which climate change causes significant societal disruption remains controversial. An important example is the decline of the Akkadian Empire in northern Mesopotamia ∼4.2 ka, for which the existence of a coincident climate event is still uncertain. Here we present an Iranian stalagmite record spanning 5.2 ka to 3.7 ka, dated with 25 U/Th ages that provide an average age uncertainty of 31 y (1σ). We find two periods of increased Mg/Ca, beginning abruptly at 4.51 and 4.26 ka, and lasting 110 and 290 y, respectively. Each of these periods coincides with slower vertical stalagmite growth and a gradual increase in stable oxygen isotope ratios. The periods of high Mg/Ca are explained by periods of increased dust flux sourced from the Mesopotamia region, and the abrupt onset of this dustiness indicates threshold behavior in response to aridity. This interpretation is consistent with existing marine and terrestrial records from the broad region, which also suggest that the later, longer event beginning at 4.26 ka is of greater regional extent and/or amplitude. The chronological precision and high resolution of our record indicates that there is no significant difference, at decadal level, between the start date of the second, larger dust event and the timing of North Mesopotamia settlement abandonment, and furthermore reveals striking similarity between the total duration of the second dust event and settlement abandonment. The Iranian record demonstrates this region’s threshold behavior in dust production, and its ability to maintain this climate state for multiple centuries naturally. © 2019 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	4.2 ka event; Drought; Dust; Mesopotamia; Stalagmite
语种	英语
scopus关键词	calcium; magnesium; calcium; magnesium; oxygen; Article; climate change; dust; environmental change; environmental factor; geochemistry; Holocene; Middle East; priority journal; seasonal variation; social change; urban area; analysis; dust; history; human; meteorology; procedures; social change; Calcium; Climate Change; Dust; History, Ancient; Humans; Magnesium; Meteorology; Middle East; Oxygen Isotopes; Social Change
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/159040
作者单位	Carolin, S.A., Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3AN, United Kingdom; Walker, R.T., Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3AN, United Kingdom; Day, C.C., Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3AN, United Kingdom; Ersek, V., Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom; Alastair Sloan, R., Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; Dee, M.W., Centre for Isotope Research, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9747 AG, Netherlands; Talebian, M., Research Institute for Earth Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Henderson, G.M., Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3AN, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Carolin S.A.,Walker R.T.,Day C.C.,et al. Precise timing of abrupt increase in dust activity in the Middle East coincident with 4.2 ka social change[J],2019,116(1).
APA	Carolin S.A..,Walker R.T..,Day C.C..,Ersek V..,Alastair Sloan R..,...&Henderson G.M..(2019).Precise timing of abrupt increase in dust activity in the Middle East coincident with 4.2 ka social change.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,116(1).
MLA	Carolin S.A.,et al."Precise timing of abrupt increase in dust activity in the Middle East coincident with 4.2 ka social change".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116.1(2019).