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| DOI | 10.1073/pnas.1906556116 |
| A 40-y record reveals gradual Antarctic sea ice increases followed by decreases at rates far exceeding the rates seen in the Arctic | |
| Parkinson C.L. | |
| 发表日期 | 2019 |
| ISSN | 0027-8424 |
| 起始页码 | 14414 |
| 结束页码 | 14423 |
| 卷号 | 116期号:29 |
| 英文摘要 | Following over 3 decades of gradual but uneven increases in sea ice coverage, the yearly average Antarctic sea ice extents reached a record high of 12.8 × 106 km2 in 2014, followed by a decline so precipitous that they reached their lowest value in the 40-y 1979–2018 satellite multichannel passive-microwave record, 10.7 × 106 km2, in 2017. In contrast, it took the Arctic sea ice cover a full 3 decades to register a loss that great in yearly average ice extents. Still, when considering the 40-y record as a whole, the Antarctic sea ice continues to have a positive overall trend in yearly average ice extents, although at 11,300 ± 5,300 km2·y−1, this trend is only 50% of the trend for 1979–2014, before the precipitous decline. Four of the 5 sectors into which the Antarctic sea ice cover is divided all also have 40-y positive trends that are well reduced from their 2014–2017 values. The one anomalous sector in this regard, the Bellingshausen/Amundsen Seas, has a 40-y negative trend, with the yearly average ice extents decreasing overall in the first 3 decades, reaching a minimum in 2007, and exhibiting an overall upward trend since 2007 (i.e., reflecting a reversal in the opposite direction from the other 4 sectors and the Antarctic sea ice cover as a whole). © 2019 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. |
| 英文关键词 | Antarctic sea ice; Climate change; Climate trends; Satellite Earth observations; Sea ice |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| scopus关键词 | Antarctica; Arctic; article; climate change; microwave radiation; sea ice |
| 来源期刊 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
 |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/158872 |
| 作者单位 | Parkinson, C.L., Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory/Code 615, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, United States |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Parkinson C.L.. A 40-y record reveals gradual Antarctic sea ice increases followed by decreases at rates far exceeding the rates seen in the Arctic[J],2019,116(29). |
| APA | Parkinson C.L..(2019).A 40-y record reveals gradual Antarctic sea ice increases followed by decreases at rates far exceeding the rates seen in the Arctic.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,116(29). |
| MLA | Parkinson C.L.."A 40-y record reveals gradual Antarctic sea ice increases followed by decreases at rates far exceeding the rates seen in the Arctic".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116.29(2019). |
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