气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Early atmospheric contamination on the top of the Himalayas since the onset of the European Industrial Revolution

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.1910485117
	Early atmospheric contamination on the top of the Himalayas since the onset of the European Industrial Revolution
	Gabrielli P.; Wegner A.; Roxana Sierra-Hernández M.; Beaudon E.; Davis M.; Barker J.D.; Thompson L.G.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	3967
结束页码	3973
卷号	117 期号:8
英文摘要	Because few ice core records from the Himalayas exist, understanding of the onset and timing of the human impact on the atmosphere of the “roof of the world” remains poorly constrained. We report a continuous 500-y trace metal ice core record from the Dasuopu glacier (7,200 m, central Himalayas), the highest drilling site on Earth. We show that an early contamination from toxic trace metals, particularly Cd, Cr, Mo, Ni, Sb, and Zn, emerged at high elevation in the Himalayas at the onset of the European Industrial Revolution (∼1780 AD). This was amplified by the intensification of the snow accumulation (+50% at Dasuopu) likely linked to the meridional displacement of the winter westerlies from 1810 until 1880 AD. During this period, the flux and crustal enrichment factors of the toxic trace metals were augmented by factors of 2 to 4 and 2 to 6, respectively. We suggest this contamination was the consequence of the long-range transport and wet deposition of fly ash from the combustion of coal (likely from Western Europe where it was almost entirely produced and used during the 19th century) with a possible contribution from the synchronous increase in biomass burning emissions from deforestation in the Northern Hemisphere. The snow accumulation decreased and dry winters were reestablished in Dasuopu after 1880 AD when lower than expected toxic metal levels were recorded. This indicates that contamination on the top of the Himalayas depended primarily on multidecadal changes in atmospheric circulation and secondarily on variations in emission sources during the last 200 y. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Ice cores; Monsoon; North Atlantic Oscillation; Paleoenvironment; Trace metals
语种	英语
scopus关键词	aluminum; antimony; arsenic; barium; bismuth; cadmium; cesium; chromium; cobalt; gallium; iron; lead; magnesium; manganese; molybdenum; nickel; niobium; rubidium; thallium; titanium; uranium; vanadium; zinc; air pollution; altitude; Article; atmospheric deposition; atmospheric transport; bioaccumulation; biomass production; combustion; concentration (parameter); controlled study; deforestation; Europe; industrialization; precipitation; priority journal; seasonal variation; spring; wet deposition; winter; air pollutant; altitude; chemistry; environmental monitoring; history; human; industry; Air Pollutants; Altitude; Environmental Monitoring; Europe; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Industry
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/158852
作者单位	Gabrielli, P., Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States, School of Earth Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Wegner, A., Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Roxana Sierra-Hernández, M., Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Beaudon, E., Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Davis, M., Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Barker, J.D., Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States, School of Earth Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Thompson, L.G., Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States, School of Earth Sciences, Ohio State University...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Gabrielli P.,Wegner A.,Roxana Sierra-Hernández M.,et al. Early atmospheric contamination on the top of the Himalayas since the onset of the European Industrial Revolution[J],2020,117(8).
APA	Gabrielli P..,Wegner A..,Roxana Sierra-Hernández M..,Beaudon E..,Davis M..,...&Thompson L.G..(2020).Early atmospheric contamination on the top of the Himalayas since the onset of the European Industrial Revolution.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,117(8).
MLA	Gabrielli P.,et al."Early atmospheric contamination on the top of the Himalayas since the onset of the European Industrial Revolution".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117.8(2020).