气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Uncertainty in the Representation of Orography in Weather and Climate Models and Implications for Parameterized Drag

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DOI	10.1029/2019MS001661
	Uncertainty in the Representation of Orography in Weather and Climate Models and Implications for Parameterized Drag
	Elvidge A.D.; Sandu I.; Wedi N.; Vosper S.B.; Zadra A.; Boussetta S.; Bouyssel F.; van Niekerk A.; Tolstykh M.A.; Ujiie M.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	19422466
起始页码	2567
结束页码	2585
卷号	11 期号:8
英文摘要	The representation of orographic drag remains a major source of uncertainty for numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate models. Its accuracy depends on contributions from both the model grid-scale orography and the subgrid-scale orography (SSO). Different models use different source orography data sets and different methodologies to derive these orography fields. This study presents the first comparison of orography fields across several operational global NWP models. It also investigates the sensitivity of an orographic drag parameterization to the intermodel spread in SSO fields and the resulting implications for representing the Northern Hemisphere winter circulation in a NWP model. The intermodel spread in both the grid-scale orography and the SSO fields is found to be considerable. This is due to differences in the underlying source data set employed and in the manner in which this data set is processed (in particular how it is smoothed and interpolated) to generate the model fields. The sensitivity of parameterized orographic drag to the intermodel variability in SSO fields is shown to be considerable and dominated by the influence of two SSO fields: the standard deviation and the mean gradient of the SSO. NWP model sensitivity experiments demonstrate that the intermodel spread in these fields is of first-order importance to the intermodel spread in parameterized surface stress, and to current known systematic model biases. The revealed importance of the SSO fields supports careful reconsideration of how these fields are generated, guiding future development of orographic drag parameterizations and reevaluation of the resolved impacts of orography on the flow. ©2019. Crown copyright. This article is published with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen's Printer for Scotland.
英文关键词	gravity wave drag; large-scale circulation; model intercomparison; mountain drag; orographic drag; subgrid-scale orography
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Drag; Parameterization; Weather forecasting; Gravity wave drag; Large-scale circulation; Model inter comparisons; Mountain drag; Subgrid scale; Climate models; climate modeling; data set; Northern Hemisphere; orographic effect; orography; parameterization
来源期刊	Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/156887
作者单位	Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; ECMWF, Reading, United Kingdom; RPN, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada; Météo France, Toulouse, France; Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation; Hydrometeorological Research Center of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation; Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Elvidge A.D.,Sandu I.,Wedi N.,et al. Uncertainty in the Representation of Orography in Weather and Climate Models and Implications for Parameterized Drag[J],2019,11(8).
APA	Elvidge A.D..,Sandu I..,Wedi N..,Vosper S.B..,Zadra A..,...&Ujiie M..(2019).Uncertainty in the Representation of Orography in Weather and Climate Models and Implications for Parameterized Drag.Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems,11(8).
MLA	Elvidge A.D.,et al."Uncertainty in the Representation of Orography in Weather and Climate Models and Implications for Parameterized Drag".Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 11.8(2019).