气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Structure and Performance of GFDL's CM4.0 Climate Model

CCPortal

DOI	10.1029/2019MS001829
	Structure and Performance of GFDL's CM4.0 Climate Model
	Held I.M.; Guo H.; Adcroft A.; Dunne J.P.; Horowitz L.W.; Krasting J.; Shevliakova E.; Winton M.; Zhao M.; Bushuk M.; Wittenberg A.T.; Wyman B.; Xiang B.; Zhang R.; Anderson W.; Balaji V.; Donner L.; Dunne K.; Durachta J.; Gauthier P.P.G.; Ginoux P.; Golaz J.-C.; Griffies S.M.; Hallberg R.; Harris L.; Harrison M.; Hurlin W.; John J.; Lin P.; Lin S.-J.; Malyshev S.; Menzel R.; Milly P.C.D.; Ming Y.; Naik V.; Paynter D.; Paulot F.; Rammaswamy V.; Reichl B.; Robinson T.; Rosati A.; Seman C.; Silvers L.G.; Underwood S.; Zadeh N.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	19422466
起始页码	3691
结束页码	3727
卷号	11 期号:11
英文摘要	We describe the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's CM4.0 physical climate model, with emphasis on those aspects that may be of particular importance to users of this model and its simulations. The model is built with the AM4.0/LM4.0 atmosphere/land model and OM4.0 ocean model. Topics include the rationale for key choices made in the model formulation, the stability as well as drift of the preindustrial control simulation, and comparison of key aspects of the historical simulations with observations from recent decades. Notable achievements include the relatively small biases in seasonal spatial patterns of top-of-atmosphere fluxes, surface temperature, and precipitation; reduced double Intertropical Convergence Zone bias; dramatically improved representation of ocean boundary currents; a high-quality simulation of climatological Arctic sea ice extent and its recent decline; and excellent simulation of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation spectrum and structure. Areas of concern include inadequate deep convection in the Nordic Seas; an inaccurate Antarctic sea ice simulation; precipitation and wind composites still affected by the equatorial cold tongue bias; muted variability in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation; strong 100 year quasiperiodicity in Southern Ocean ventilation; and a lack of historical warming before 1990 and too rapid warming thereafter due to high climate sensitivity and strong aerosol forcing, in contrast to the observational record. Overall, CM4.0 scores very well in its fidelity against observations compared to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 generation in terms of both mean state and modes of variability and should prove a valuable new addition for analysis across a broad array of applications. ©2019. The Authors.
英文关键词	climate; CM4; CMIP6; coupled; GFDL; model
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Atmospheric pressure; Models; Ocean currents; Sea ice; Atlantic meridional overturning circulations; climate; CMIP6; coupled; Coupled Model Intercomparison Project; Geophysical fluid dynamics laboratories; GFDL; Intertropical convergence zone; Climate models; air-sea interaction; atmospheric convection; atmospheric forcing; CMIP; fluid dynamics; meridional circulation; performance assessment; periodicity; precipitation (climatology); sea ice; seasonal variation; surface temperature; top of atmosphere; Arctic Ocean; Norwegian Sea; Southern Ocean
来源期刊	Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/156825
作者单位	Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; GFDL/NOAA, Princeton, NJ, United States; University Corporation for Atmospheric Research/GFDL, Princeton, NJ, United States; Cooperative Institute for Modeling the Earth System, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; U.S. Geological Survey/GFDL, Princeton, NJ, United States; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States; SAIC, Science Applications International Corporation, Reston, VA, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Held I.M.,Guo H.,Adcroft A.,et al. Structure and Performance of GFDL's CM4.0 Climate Model[J],2019,11(11).
APA	Held I.M..,Guo H..,Adcroft A..,Dunne J.P..,Horowitz L.W..,...&Zadeh N..(2019).Structure and Performance of GFDL's CM4.0 Climate Model.Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems,11(11).
MLA	Held I.M.,et al."Structure and Performance of GFDL's CM4.0 Climate Model".Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 11.11(2019).