气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1

CCPortal

DOI	10.1029/2019MS001866
	Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1
	Andrews T.; Andrews M.B.; Bodas-Salcedo A.; Jones G.S.; Kuhlbrodt T.; Manners J.; Menary M.B.; Ridley J.; Ringer M.A.; Sellar A.A.; Senior C.A.; Tang Y.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	19422466
起始页码	4377
结束页码	4394
卷号	11 期号:12
英文摘要	Climate forcing, sensitivity, and feedback metrics are evaluated in both the United Kingdom's physical climate model HadGEM3-GC3.1 at low (-LL) and medium (-MM) resolution and the United Kingdom's Earth System Model UKESM1. The effective climate sensitivity (EffCS) to a doubling of CO2 is 5.5 K for HadGEM3.1-GC3.1-LL and 5.4 K for UKESM1. The transient climate response is 2.5 and 2.8 K, respectively. While the EffCS is larger than that seen in the previous generation of models, none of the model's forcing or feedback processes are found to be atypical of models, though the cloud feedback is at the high end. The relatively large EffCS results from an unusual combination of a typical CO2 forcing with a relatively small feedback parameter. Compared to the previous U.K. climate model, HadGEM3-GC2.0, the EffCS has increased from 3.2 to 5.5 K due to an increase in CO2 forcing, surface albedo feedback, and midlatitude cloud feedback. All changes are well understood and due to physical improvements in the model. At higher atmospheric and ocean resolution (HadGEM3-GC3.1-MM), there is a compensation between increased marine stratocumulus cloud feedback and reduced Antarctic sea-ice feedback. In UKESM1, a CO2 fertilization effect induces a land surface vegetation change and albedo radiative effect. Historical aerosol forcing in HadGEM3-GC3.1-LL is −1.1 W m−2. In HadGEM3-GC3.1-LL historical simulations, cloud feedback is found to be less positive than in abrupt-4xCO2, in agreement with atmosphere-only experiments forced with observed historical sea surface temperature and sea-ice variations. However, variability in the coupled model's historical sea-ice trends hampers accurate diagnosis of the model's total historical feedback. ©2019. The Authors.
英文关键词	CFMIP; Climate feedback; Climate Sensitivity; CMIP6; Radiative forcing; RFMIP
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Atmospheric radiation; Carbon dioxide; Oceanography; Sea ice; Solar radiation; Surface waters; CFMIP; Climate feedbacks; Climate sensitivity; CMIP6; Radiative forcings; RFMIP; Climate models; albedo; carbon dioxide; climate feedback; climate forcing; climate modeling; ice-ocean interaction; land surface; radiative forcing; sensitivity analysis; United Kingdom
来源期刊	Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/156796
作者单位	Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom; NCAS, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom; Global Systems Institute, Exeter University, Exeter, United Kingdom; Now at LOCEAN/IPSL, Sorbonne Universités (SU)-CNRS-IRD-MNHN, Paris, France
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Andrews T.,Andrews M.B.,Bodas-Salcedo A.,et al. Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1[J],2019,11(12).
APA	Andrews T..,Andrews M.B..,Bodas-Salcedo A..,Jones G.S..,Kuhlbrodt T..,...&Tang Y..(2019).Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1.Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems,11(12).
MLA	Andrews T.,et al."Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1".Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 11.12(2019).