气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): SPEAR: The Next Generation GFDL Modeling System for Seasonal to Multidecadal Prediction and Projection

CCPortal

DOI	10.1029/2019MS001895
	SPEAR: The Next Generation GFDL Modeling System for Seasonal to Multidecadal Prediction and Projection
	Delworth T.L.; Cooke W.F.; Adcroft A.; Bushuk M.; Chen J.-H.; Dunne K.A.; Ginoux P.; Gudgel R.; Hallberg R.W.; Harris L.; Harrison M.J.; Johnson N.; Kapnick S.B.; Lin S.-J.; Lu F.; Malyshev S.; Milly P.C.; Murakami H.; Naik V.; Pascale S.; Paynter D.; Rosati A.; Schwarzkopf M.D.; Shevliakova E.; Underwood S.; Wittenberg A.T.; Xiang B.; Yang X.; Zeng F.; Zhang H.; Zhang L.; Zhao M.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	19422466
卷号	12 期号:3
英文摘要	We document the development and simulation characteristics of the next generation modeling system for seasonal to decadal prediction and projection at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL). SPEAR (Seamless System for Prediction and EArth System Research) is built from component models recently developed at GFDL—the AM4 atmosphere model, MOM6 ocean code, LM4 land model, and SIS2 sea ice model. The SPEAR models are specifically designed with attributes needed for a prediction model for seasonal to decadal time scales, including the ability to run large ensembles of simulations with available computational resources. For computational speed SPEAR uses a coarse ocean resolution of approximately 1.0° (with tropical refinement). SPEAR can use differing atmospheric horizontal resolutions ranging from 1° to 0.25°. The higher atmospheric resolution facilitates improved simulation of regional climate and extremes. SPEAR is built from the same components as the GFDL CM4 and ESM4 models but with design choices geared toward seasonal to multidecadal physical climate prediction and projection. We document simulation characteristics for the time mean climate, aspects of internal variability, and the response to both idealized and realistic radiative forcing change. We describe in greater detail one focus of the model development process that was motivated by the importance of the Southern Ocean to the global climate system. We present sensitivity tests that document the influence of the Antarctic surface heat budget on Southern Ocean ventilation and deep global ocean circulation. These findings were also useful in the development processes for the GFDL CM4 and ESM4 models. ©2020. The Authors.
英文关键词	global climate models
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Atmospheric radiation; Climate change; Forecasting; Oceanography; Sea ice; Computational resources; Computational speed; Geophysical fluid dynamics laboratories; Global climate system; Global ocean circulation; Horizontal resolution; Internal variability; Surface heat budget; Climate models; air-sea interaction; atmospheric modeling; climate prediction; global ocean; heat budget; modeling; radiative forcing; regional climate; sea ice; Southern Ocean
来源期刊	Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/156748
作者单位	Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, NOAA, Princeton, NJ, United States; University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States; Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Princeton, NJ, United States; Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Delworth T.L.,Cooke W.F.,Adcroft A.,et al. SPEAR: The Next Generation GFDL Modeling System for Seasonal to Multidecadal Prediction and Projection[J],2020,12(3).
APA	Delworth T.L..,Cooke W.F..,Adcroft A..,Bushuk M..,Chen J.-H..,...&Zhao M..(2020).SPEAR: The Next Generation GFDL Modeling System for Seasonal to Multidecadal Prediction and Projection.Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems,12(3).
MLA	Delworth T.L.,et al."SPEAR: The Next Generation GFDL Modeling System for Seasonal to Multidecadal Prediction and Projection".Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 12.3(2020).