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DOI	10.1029/2019MS001891
	Evaluation of Rain Microphysics Using a Radar Simulator and Numerical Models: Comparison of Two-Moment Bulk and Spectral Bin Cloud Microphysics Schemes
	Kuba N.; Seiki T.; Suzuki K.; Roh W.; Satoh M.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	19422466
卷号	12 期号:3
英文摘要	This study extended a method to evaluate rain microphysics in a shallow cumulus regime using space-borne radar observational data with a forward simulator of satellite measurements. We compared a two-moment bulk scheme with a two-moment bin scheme. A dynamic-kinematic model was used to isolate cloud microphysics processes from their interactions with dynamics. The relationship between horizontally averaged reflectivity Zm and optical depth from the cloud top τd, that is, the Zm-τd relationship, was similar between the bulk and the bin schemes for clouds with large updraft velocity and clean cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). However, the differences in the Zm-τd relationship between the two schemes became more apparent for clouds with smaller updraft velocity or polluted CCN. For these clouds, the differences resulted from differences in the autoconversion rate. We increased the autoconversion rate by decreasing the shape parameter of the cloud droplet size distribution in the bulk scheme. This reduced the differences in the Zm-τd relationship between the two schemes, indicating that for these clouds, the autoconversion rate of a cloud microphysics scheme can be evaluated by the Zm-τd relationship derived from satellite observations. Although the clouds with the smaller updraft velocity or the polluted CCN did not contribute to the rainfall amount significantly, the lifetime of these clouds greatly affected the radiation budget. Thus, the improvement in the autoconversion rate for such weak cumulus clouds provides a better representation of precipitation efficiency and is important for global climate evaluations. ©2020. The Authors.
英文关键词	accretion process; autoconversion process; cloud droplet size distribution; cloud microphysics scheme; radar reflectivity; satellite simulator
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Budget control; Clouds; Kinematics; Radar simulators; Rain; Space-based radar; Cloud condensation nuclei; Cloud microphysics; Observational data; Precipitation efficiency; Satellite measurements; Satellite observations; Shape parameters; Spectral bin cloud microphysics; Radar measurement; bulk density; cloud condensation nucleus; cloud droplet; cloud microphysics; comparative study; computer simulation; cumulus; global climate; numerical model; optical depth; precipitation intensity; radar altimetry; spectral analysis
来源期刊	Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/156745
作者单位	Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan; Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kuba N.,Seiki T.,Suzuki K.,et al. Evaluation of Rain Microphysics Using a Radar Simulator and Numerical Models: Comparison of Two-Moment Bulk and Spectral Bin Cloud Microphysics Schemes[J],2020,12(3).
APA	Kuba N.,Seiki T.,Suzuki K.,Roh W.,&Satoh M..(2020).Evaluation of Rain Microphysics Using a Radar Simulator and Numerical Models: Comparison of Two-Moment Bulk and Spectral Bin Cloud Microphysics Schemes.Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems,12(3).
MLA	Kuba N.,et al."Evaluation of Rain Microphysics Using a Radar Simulator and Numerical Models: Comparison of Two-Moment Bulk and Spectral Bin Cloud Microphysics Schemes".Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 12.3(2020).