气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Tamm Review: Reforestation for resilience in dry western U.S. forests

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2018.09.007
	Tamm Review: Reforestation for resilience in dry western U.S. forests
	North M.P.; Stevens J.T.; Greene D.F.; Coppoletta M.; Knapp E.E.; Latimer A.M.; Restaino C.M.; Tompkins R.E.; Welch K.R.; York R.A.; Young D.J.N.; Axelson J.N.; Buckley T.N.; Estes B.L.; Hager R.N.; Long J.W.; Meyer M.D.; Ostoja S.M.; Safford H.D.; Shive K.L.; Tubbesing C.L.; Vice H.; Walsh D.; Werner C.M.; Wyrsch P.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0378-1127
起始页码	209
结束页码	224
卷号	432
英文摘要	The increasing frequency and severity of fire and drought events have negatively impacted the capacity and success of reforestation efforts in many dry, western U.S. forests. Challenges to reforestation include the cost and safety concerns of replanting large areas of standing dead trees, and high seedling and sapling mortality rates due to water stress, competing vegetation, and repeat fires that burn young plantations. Standard reforestation practices have emphasized establishing dense conifer cover with gridded planting, sometimes called ‘pines in lines’ followed by shrub control and pre-commercial thinning. Resources for such intensive management are increasingly limited, reducing the capacity for young plantations to develop early resilience to fire and drought. This paper summarizes recent research on the conditions under which current standard reforestation practices in the western U.S. may need adjustment, and suggests how these practices might be modified to improve their success. In particular we examine where and when plantations with regular tree spacing elevate the risk of future mortality, and how planting density, spatial arrangement, and species composition might be modified to increase seedling and sapling survival through recurring drought and fire events. Within large areas of contiguous mortality, we suggest a “three zone” approach to reforestation following a major disturbance that includes; (a) working with natural recruitment within a peripheral zone near live tree seed sources; (b) in a second zone, beyond effective seed dispersal range but in accessible areas, planting a combination of clustered and regularly spaced seedlings that varies with microsite water availability and potential fire behavior; and (c) a final zone defined by remote, steep terrain that in practice limits reforestation efforts to the establishment of founder stands. We also emphasize the early use of prescribed fire to build resilience in developing stands subject to increasingly common wildfires and drought events. Finally, we highlight limits to our current understanding of how young stands may respond and develop under these proposed planting and silvicultural practices, and identify areas where new research could help refine them. © 2018
英文关键词	Climate change; Drought; Fire; Spatial heterogeneity; Tree mortality; Tree regeneration; Young plantations
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Climate change; Drought; Fires; Seed; Intensive management; Pre-commercial thinning; Silvicultural practices; Spatial arrangements; Spatial heterogeneity; Tree mortality; Tree regeneration; Young plantations; Reforestation; climate change; coniferous forest; dead wood; ecosystem resilience; forest ecosystem; forest fire; heterogeneity; mortality; plantation forestry; recruitment (population dynamics); reforestation; regrowth; seed dispersal; silviculture; spatial analysis; survival; thinning; vegetation dynamics; water stress; wildfire; Drought; Fires; Mortality; Plantations; Planting; Reforestation; Resilience; United States; Coniferophyta
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/156390
作者单位	Dept of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Environmental Science, Policy, and Management Dept., University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; New Mexico Landscapes Field Station, U. S. Geological Survey, Santa Fe, NM 87508, United States; Dept. of Forestry and Wildland Resources, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 95521, United States; USDA Forest Service, Sierra Cascade Regional Ecology Program, Quincy, CA 95971, United States; USDA Forest Service, PSW Research Station, Redding, CA 96002, United States; Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, Stateline, NV 89449, United States; USDA Forest Service, Plumas N.F., Quincy, CA 95971, United States; USDA Forest Service, Central Sierra Regional Ecology Program, Placerville, CA 95667, United States; Dept. of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84321, United States; USDA Forest Service, PSW Research Station, Davis, CA 95618, United States; USDA Forest Service, Southern Sierra Regional Ec...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	North M.P.,Stevens J.T.,Greene D.F.,et al. Tamm Review: Reforestation for resilience in dry western U.S. forests[J],2019,432.
APA	North M.P..,Stevens J.T..,Greene D.F..,Coppoletta M..,Knapp E.E..,...&Wyrsch P..(2019).Tamm Review: Reforestation for resilience in dry western U.S. forests.Forest Ecology and Management,432.
MLA	North M.P.,et al."Tamm Review: Reforestation for resilience in dry western U.S. forests".Forest Ecology and Management 432(2019).