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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2018.10.018
	Is the introduction of novel exotic forest tree species a rational response to rapid environmental change? – A British perspective
	Ennos R.; Cottrell J.; Hall J.; O'Brien D.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0378-1127
起始页码	718
结束页码	728
卷号	432
英文摘要	Both plantation forests and native woodlands are currently facing challenges in the form of rapid climatic change and unprecedented increases in damage by exotic pests and diseases. To combat these problems it has been proposed that a range of novel exotic tree species (non-native species that have not yet undergone thorough operational testing or previously been grown at a forestry scale) should be grown as part of an adaptive management strategy, and that non-native (including novel) species should be introduced into native woodland. Justifications for this policy are that novel exotic species are required to maintain forest productivity under climate change, to create a more diverse, and by implication more resilient forest, and to substitute for native species threatened by introduced pests and pathogens. Here we examine these arguments in the context of British forestry, where there is a long history of utilising non-native species. On the basis of this documented experience we conclude that in the commercial sector of British forestry, where production is the main objective, there are strong arguments for undertaking a programme of rigorous testing and domestication of a very limited number of the most promising novel exotics which, in addition to good timber and growth, also have attributes that will allow the development of more naturalistic silvicultural systems and a move away from current clear-fell regimes. However this must be undertaken within a comprehensive risk assessment framework, where candidate species are rigorously screened both for any biosecurity threats, and their potential for causing ecological damage if they become invasive outside their initial planting sites. Widespread planting of candidate species should only be recommended after the completion of full species and provenance trials, and when reliable sources of appropriately adapted seed have been established. Conversely where conservation of biodiversity is an objective we find no support for introduction of any non-native species. This is based on the greater ecological and economic risk they pose compared to the use of native species. Use of non-natives is likely to lead to an increase rather than a decrease in pest and disease problems, and to hinder rather than support the retention of threatened native tree species and their associated biodiversity. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Climate change; Exotic tree; Introduction; Invasive species; Pathogen; Pest
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Biodiversity; Climate change; Conservation; Damage detection; Ecology; Pathogens; Risk assessment; Seed; Timber; Ecological and economic; Environmental change; Exotic trees; Introduction; Invasive species; Native tree species; Pest; Silvicultural system; Forestry; adaptive management; biodiversity; climate change; conservation status; domestication; environmental change; forestry; growth; invasive species; native species; pathogen; pest species; plantation forestry; risk assessment; silviculture; strategic approach; timber; tree; woodland; Biodiversity; Conservation; Ecology; Pathogens; Risk Assessment; United Kingdom
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/156326
作者单位	Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, United Kingdom; Forest Research, Northern Research Station, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9SY, United Kingdom; Scottish Natural Heritage, Great Glen House, Inverness, IV3 8NW, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ennos R.,Cottrell J.,Hall J.,等. Is the introduction of novel exotic forest tree species a rational response to rapid environmental change? – A British perspective[J],2019,432.
APA	Ennos R.,Cottrell J.,Hall J.,&O'Brien D..(2019).Is the introduction of novel exotic forest tree species a rational response to rapid environmental change? – A British perspective.Forest Ecology and Management,432.
MLA	Ennos R.,et al."Is the introduction of novel exotic forest tree species a rational response to rapid environmental change? – A British perspective".Forest Ecology and Management 432(2019).