气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Disentangling variables that influence growth response of balsam fir regeneration during a spruce budworm outbreak

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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2018.10.050
	Disentangling variables that influence growth response of balsam fir regeneration during a spruce budworm outbreak
	Nie Z.; MacLean D.A.; Taylor A.R.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0378-1127
起始页码	13
结束页码	23
卷号	433
英文摘要	Height increment of balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) regeneration during a spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) outbreak can be affected by a variety of variables including defoliation, ground vegetation competition, canopy openness, the height of regeneration, and stand type. To disentangle how these variables interact to determine regeneration height increment, we sampled 36 plots in two regions showing contrasting climate, regional vegetation, and budworm outbreak severity. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the effects of these five variables on height increment of balsam fir regeneration. In the Amqui (early defoliation) plots, height increment was significantly affected by a “cumulative defoliation × height of regeneration × hardwood content” interaction. Defoliation significantly reduced height increment when regeneration was >30 cm tall in softwood and mixedwood plots, but regeneration <30 cm tall in softwood and mixedwood plots and all regeneration in hardwood plots had light defoliation, which did not reduce height increment. Results were even more complex for the North Shore (late defoliation) plots, where there were three significant 3-way interactions affecting height increment: “height × hardwood content × ground vegetation cover” “hardwood content × canopy openness × cumulative defoliation” and “hardwood content × ground vegetation cover × cumulative defoliation”. Canopy openness was >25% in all softwood plots, and height increment substantially declined with increasing cumulative defoliation; however, in mixedwood and hardwood plots, canopy openness was <25% and height increment increased with defoliation. In softwood plots, height increment declined sharply with increasing cumulative defoliation at all ground vegetation cover levels, but in mixedwood and hardwood plots, height increment increased or decreased slightly with increasing cumulative defoliation. Results showed that the variables affecting height increment have surprisingly complex interactive effects. © 2018
英文关键词	Canopy openness; Choristoneura fumiferana; Defoliation; Vegetation competition
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Forestry; Softwoods; Vegetation; Canopy openness; Choristoneura fumiferana; Defoliation; Ground vegetation; Growth response; Height increments; Interactive effect; Linear mixed-effects model; Hardwoods; canopy architecture; defoliation; evergreen forest; growth response; height; insect; pest outbreak; regeneration; vegetation cover; Defoliation; Forestry; Hardwoods; Height; Plants; Softwoods; Variables; Abies balsamea; Choristoneura fumiferana
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/156308
作者单位	University of New Brunswick, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada; Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service – Atlantic Forestry Centre, P.O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Nie Z.,MacLean D.A.,Taylor A.R.. Disentangling variables that influence growth response of balsam fir regeneration during a spruce budworm outbreak[J],2019,433.
APA	Nie Z.,MacLean D.A.,&Taylor A.R..(2019).Disentangling variables that influence growth response of balsam fir regeneration during a spruce budworm outbreak.Forest Ecology and Management,433.
MLA	Nie Z.,et al."Disentangling variables that influence growth response of balsam fir regeneration during a spruce budworm outbreak".Forest Ecology and Management 433(2019).