气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Spatial and temporal assessment of responder exposure to snag hazards in post-fire environments

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2019.03.035
	Spatial and temporal assessment of responder exposure to snag hazards in post-fire environments
	Dunn C.J.; O'Connor C.D.; Reilly M.J.; Calkin D.E.; Thompson M.P.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0378-1127
起始页码	202
结束页码	214
卷号	441
英文摘要	Researchers and managers increasingly recognize enterprise risk management as critical to addressing contemporary fire management challenges. Quantitative wildfire risk assessments contribute by parsing and mapping potentially contradictory positive and negative fire effects. However, these assessments disregard risks to fire responders because they only address social and ecological resources and assets. In this study, we begin to overcome this deficiency by using a novel modeling approach that integrates remote sensing, field inventories, imputation-based vegetation modeling, and empirical models to quantify post-fire snag hazard in space and time. Snag hazard increased significantly immediately post-fire, with severe or extreme hazard conditions accounting for 47%, 83%, and 91% of areas burned at low, moderate and high-severity fire, respectively. Patch-size of severe or extreme hazard positively correlated with fire size, exceeding >20,000 ha (60% of our largest fire) 10-years post-fire when reburn becomes more likely. After 10 years, snag hazard declined rapidly as snags fell or fragmented, but severe or extreme hazard persisted for 20, 30 and 35 years in portions of the low, moderate and high-severity fire areas. Because forests are denser and wildfires burn with greater severity than historically, these hazardous conditions may represent novel management challenges where risk of injury or death to responders outweighs the benefits of directly engaging the fire. Mapping snag hazard with our methodology could improve situational awareness for both decision makers and fire responders as they mitigate risk during fire management. However, as more landscapes burn we anticipate increased responder exposure to extremely hazardous conditions, which may further entrench the wildfire paradox as fire managers weigh current response decisions with future challenges. Aligning land management objectives with wildfire management needs, in part by mapping responder exposure to snags and other hazards, could help overcome the wildfire paradox and produce desirable long-term outcomes. This research also demonstrates the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to account for risk to all aspects of fire prone social-ecological systems as we learn to live with fire in rapidly changing environments. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Responder exposure; Salvage logging; Snag dynamics; Tree mortality; Wildfire risk management
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Decision making; Ecology; Forestry; Hazards; Managers; Mapping; Remote sensing; Risk assessment; Risk management; Enterprise risk management; Interdisciplinary collaborations; Management challenges; Responder exposure; Salvage logging; Snag dynamics; Social-ecological systems; Tree mortality; Fires; assessment method; decision making; fire management; interdisciplinary approach; land management; mortality; remote sensing; risk assessment; selective logging; snag; spatiotemporal analysis; street children; wildfire; Decision Making; Ecology; Forestry; Hazards; Mapping; Remote Sensing
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/156035
作者单位	College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States; Rocky Mountain Research Station, US Forest Service, Missoula, MT, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Dunn C.J.,O'Connor C.D.,Reilly M.J.,et al. Spatial and temporal assessment of responder exposure to snag hazards in post-fire environments[J],2019,441.
APA	Dunn C.J.,O'Connor C.D.,Reilly M.J.,Calkin D.E.,&Thompson M.P..(2019).Spatial and temporal assessment of responder exposure to snag hazards in post-fire environments.Forest Ecology and Management,441.
MLA	Dunn C.J.,et al."Spatial and temporal assessment of responder exposure to snag hazards in post-fire environments".Forest Ecology and Management 441(2019).