气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The effect of prescribed fire on Biscogniauxia infection and δ13C in an upland oak-pine forest

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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117525
	The effect of prescribed fire on Biscogniauxia infection and δ13C in an upland oak-pine forest
	Freeman A.J.; Hammond W.M.; Dee J.R.; Cobb R.C.; Marek S.M.; Adams H.D.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0378-1127
卷号	451
英文摘要	Incidents of Quercus decline have been driven by complicated interactions among factors, such as temperature, drought, pathogenic fungi, insect pests, and stand structure, which operate at multiple time scales. Past incidents of elevated tree mortality during drought in the upland forests of Oklahoma were associated with biotic factors; specifically, the infection of Quercus species by canker-causing fungi in the genus Biscogniauxia. Biscogniauxia canker and dieback have been previously associated with water stress but little is known about the interactions between forest densification, prescribed fire, water stress, and canker incidence. We investigated the effects of prescribed fire and reduced basal area on Biscogniauxia canker incidence in Quercus species at the Pushmataha Wildlife Management Area (PWMA) in southeastern Oklahoma. The PWMA is an ongoing forest management experiment established in 1984 with stands maintained to the present day with prescribed fire return intervals of 34+yr, 4-yr, and 1-yr. Through field surveys we found that the incidence of Biscogniauxia canker was lowest among units with a fire return interval of 1–4 years (p < 0.002). Additionally, greater canopy dieback was associated with greater frequency of stem cankers. Management of these forests reduces basal area, alters water stress, and may reduce pathogen incidence due to both greater host resilience and reduction of sporulation sources. To evaluate associations among these factors, we assessed Biscogniauxia canker incidence and leaf stable C isotope composition (δ13C)—an indicator of stomatal closure from drought stress—from Quercus marilandica (blackjack oak) and Quercus stellata (post oak) trees in units experiencing 34+yr, 4-yr, and 1-yr fire return intervals. We found that leaf δ13C was highest in units experiencing 4-yr and 1-yr fire return intervals, indicating that these trees more frequently had closed stomata, counter to our expectation that the reduced basal area associated with frequent fire would decrease δ13C due to decreased water stress. Instead, our results suggest that trees in units experiencing reduced basal area encounter additional stressors (e.g., wind, vapor pressure deficit, and high soil evaporation) that lead to stomatal closure. Additionally, higher δ13C in units receiving prescribed fire applications may be a response to frequent disturbance via direct effects of fire on tree water relations. Further investigation is needed to understand the interactions of fire regimes with water stress in these ecosystems. Although, we did not find a clear link to tree water status, basal area reduction decreased the incidence of Biscogniauxia canker, demonstrating that prescribed fire can be used to promote forest health. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Biscogniauxia; Carbon stable isotope composition; Fire suppression; Hypoxylon; Oak decline; Oak health; Prescribed burning; Thinning
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Drought; Fires; Fungi; Isotopes; Biscogniauxia; Carbon stable isotopes; Fire suppression; Hypoxylon; Oak decline; Prescribed burning; Thinning; Forestry; basal area; carbon isotope; coniferous forest; coniferous tree; deciduous forest; deciduous tree; dieback; disease incidence; fungal disease; isotopic composition; mortality; population decline; prescribed burning; stable isotope; stomatal conductance; thinning; water stress; Drought; Fires; Fungi; Isotopes; Prescribed Burning; Thinning; Biscogniauxia; Fungi; Hexapoda; Hypoxylon; Quercus; Quercus marilandica; Quercus stellata
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/155771
作者单位	Department of Plant Biology, Ecology, and Evolution, Oklahoma State University, 301 Physical Science, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States; Missouri Tree-Ring Laboratory, University of Missouri, 203 ABNR Building, Columbia, MO 65211, United States; Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Science, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States; Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, 127 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Freeman A.J.,Hammond W.M.,Dee J.R.,et al. The effect of prescribed fire on Biscogniauxia infection and δ13C in an upland oak-pine forest[J],2019,451.
APA	Freeman A.J.,Hammond W.M.,Dee J.R.,Cobb R.C.,Marek S.M.,&Adams H.D..(2019).The effect of prescribed fire on Biscogniauxia infection and δ13C in an upland oak-pine forest.Forest Ecology and Management,451.
MLA	Freeman A.J.,et al."The effect of prescribed fire on Biscogniauxia infection and δ13C in an upland oak-pine forest".Forest Ecology and Management 451(2019).