气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Drivers of forest regeneration patterns in drought prone mixed-species forests in the Northern Calcareous Alps

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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117589
	Drivers of forest regeneration patterns in drought prone mixed-species forests in the Northern Calcareous Alps
	Simon A.; Katzensteiner K.; Gratzer G.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0378-1127
卷号	453
英文摘要	In temperate mountain forests of Northern Calcareous Alps, shallow soils, in combination with steep slopes and high radiation input on sun-exposed slopes, imply severe conditions for tree regeneration. Considering the remarkable trend of temperature increase and related climatic extremes in the Greater Alpine Area, it is likely that conditions for successful regeneration further deteriorate at these sites. Hence, investigating the relation of regeneration patterns to site conditions is crucial for recent and future forest management. Spatial point process models are appropriate tools to test the effect of environmental covariates in plant pattern generation. By applying these methods, we aim at identifying driving factors of forest regeneration dynamics of Fagus sylvatica, Abies alba and Picea abies. We used tree regeneration data from two sample sites along transects from closed canopy to forest gaps of natural origin. A set of spatially continuous explanatory variables (light environment, rock outcrops, microrelief, distance to mature trees, estimated seed density and presence of already established saplings) were generated. We fitted nonstationary parametric intensity functions with Poisson point process models and Thomas cluster point process models. The first and second order processes were analysed with pair correlation summary statistics. Interactions between regeneration patterns of different species and height classes were assessed with cross-pair correlation summary statistics. Successful germination and growth, at least at some microsites, is possible for any of the investigated species when ungulate browsing is prevented by fencing. Light is the most important environmental factor for describing the regeneration patterns. As higher shading has a positive influence, it is apparently not a limiting resource but rather a proxy for other, latent unfavourable conditions like drying of seedbeds. We thus propose to limit canopy opening sizes to a maximum of 10–12 m. No indications of seed limitation as a cause for regeneration failure of any of the main tree species were detected. Conditions for A. alba seedlings and partly also for P. abies seedlings are more favourable under the canopy of F. sylvatica than under the canopies of conspecifics or the other conifer species. Therefore, we conclude that at our study sites with the current species mixture, at least for the two conifer species, safe microsites are more important than seed availability. With increasing height of P. abies, the spatial segregation of small A. alba and F. sylvatica seedlings became stronger, indicating that competition for resources becomes more dominant and determinant for species coexistence. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Austria; Light intensity; Mountain forest; Pair correlation function; Point pattern analysis; Tree regeneration
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Plants (botany); Austria; Light intensity; Mountain forests; Pair correlation functions; Point pattern analysis; Tree regeneration; Reforestation; canopy architecture; coexistence; coniferous tree; correlation; drought stress; forest ecosystem; germination; light intensity; mixed forest; montane forest; regeneration; seeding; shading; ungulate; Austria; Models; Patterns; Picea Abies; Processes; Reforestation; Seedlings; Trees; Alps; Eastern Alps; Northern Calcareous Alps; Abies alba; Coniferophyta; Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; Ungulata
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/155737
作者单位	Institute of Forest Ecology, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Forest Planning, Forest Administration Tyrol, Office of the Tyrolean Government, Innsbruck, Austria
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Simon A.,Katzensteiner K.,Gratzer G.. Drivers of forest regeneration patterns in drought prone mixed-species forests in the Northern Calcareous Alps[J],2019,453.
APA	Simon A.,Katzensteiner K.,&Gratzer G..(2019).Drivers of forest regeneration patterns in drought prone mixed-species forests in the Northern Calcareous Alps.Forest Ecology and Management,453.
MLA	Simon A.,et al."Drivers of forest regeneration patterns in drought prone mixed-species forests in the Northern Calcareous Alps".Forest Ecology and Management 453(2019).