气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): European beech leads to more bioactive humus forms but stronger mineral soil acidification as Norway spruce and Scots pine – Results of a repeated site assessment after 63 and 82 years of forest conversion in Central Germany

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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118769
	European beech leads to more bioactive humus forms but stronger mineral soil acidification as Norway spruce and Scots pine – Results of a repeated site assessment after 63 and 82 years of forest conversion in Central Germany
	Achilles F.; Tischer A.; Bernhardt-Römermann M.; Heinze M.; Reinhardt F.; Makeschin F.; Michalzik B.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0378-1127
英文摘要	To reduce the effects of extended coniferous monoculture plantations on forest floor and topsoil processes, like amplified acidification or nutrient immobilization in organic layers, small interspersed groups of European beech were planted at the beginning of the 20th century amid large coniferous stands (CS) in Central Germany. Today, these so-called “Green Eyes” (GE) are 82-year old. In our study we focused on two different timelines to investigate the effects of forest conversion on vegetation composition, forest floor and mineral soil properties, encompassing a long-term (>80 year) comparison from tree planting in the 1930s to 2018 and a shorter timeframe nearly spanning 20 years (1999–2018). Since long-term forest conversion experiments (>60 years) across sites sharing a common forest land-use history are scarce, our study allows to contribute to a better evaluation of the long-term effects on changes in soil properties. We linked standard methods assessing soil pH, organic C and total N concentrations as well as stocks as indicators of soil quality changes in forest floor and mineral soil (down to 40 cm depth) to patterns in ground vegetation dynamics (most GE were characterized only by a few herbaceous species). Our results exhibited an effect of forest conversion on the activation in forest floor turnover resulting in increased turnover rates in the GE (GE contain only half of the forest floor OM of CS), hence forming more bioactive humus forms (mull, moder) and a noticeable higher forest floor pH (+0.6 units) compared to CS. The OC translocation from the forest floor into the topsoil is higher under GE (+0.7% OC content), probably building up a stable SOC pool hence contributing to C sequestration. The positive effects of European beech on forest floor quality are related to a stronger acidification of the subsoil during the past 20 years (-0.5 pH units). The base pump effect (uptake of Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and assimilation into tree biomass in exchange release of H+) in GE led to more acidic conditions (- 0.2 pH units) in the deeper mineral soil compared to CS. This bio-acidification may serve as one reason for subsoil acidification, as observed in our study, pointing out that mineral soil acidification is still an important issue in central European forests. Future restoration of soil base cation pools will still depend on the rate of bio-acidification, on the amount of acidifying air pollutant (and base cation) depositions and on forest management practices (e.g. intensity of biomass removal, soil regeneration-oriented liming). © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Bio-acidification; Fagus sylvatica; Forest ground vegetation; Forest management; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; Recovery; Soil carbon; Soil nitrogen
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Acidification; Air pollution control; Conservation; Floors; Land use; Minerals; pH effects; Positive ions; Reforestation; Soils; Vegetation; Acidic conditions; Central European forests; Coniferous stands; Forest management practices; Herbaceous species; Long-term effects; Monoculture plantations; Vegetation composition; Soil pollution
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/155634
作者单位	Department of Soil Science, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, Jena, 07743, Germany; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, Jena, 07743, Germany; Ortsstraße 25, Kospoda, 07806, Germany; Thuringian State Office for Environment, Mining and Nature Conservation (TLUBN), Göschwitzer Str. 41, Jena, 07745, Germany; Stockheimer Str. 21, Wiedergeltingen, 86879, Germany; German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Achilles F.,Tischer A.,Bernhardt-Römermann M.,等. European beech leads to more bioactive humus forms but stronger mineral soil acidification as Norway spruce and Scots pine – Results of a repeated site assessment after 63 and 82 years of forest conversion in Central Germany[J],2020.
APA	Achilles F..,Tischer A..,Bernhardt-Römermann M..,Heinze M..,Reinhardt F..,...&Michalzik B..(2020).European beech leads to more bioactive humus forms but stronger mineral soil acidification as Norway spruce and Scots pine – Results of a repeated site assessment after 63 and 82 years of forest conversion in Central Germany.Forest Ecology and Management.
MLA	Achilles F.,et al."European beech leads to more bioactive humus forms but stronger mineral soil acidification as Norway spruce and Scots pine – Results of a repeated site assessment after 63 and 82 years of forest conversion in Central Germany".Forest Ecology and Management (2020).