气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Phenology matters: Extended spring and autumn canopy cover increases biotic resistance of forests to invasion by common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica)

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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118067
	Phenology matters: Extended spring and autumn canopy cover increases biotic resistance of forests to invasion by common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica)
	Schuster M.J.; Wragg P.D.; Williams L.J.; Butler E.E.; Stefanski A.; Reich P.B.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0378-1127
卷号	464
英文摘要	Forest light availability strongly regulates understory community composition, and low availability may confer resistance to invasion by exotic species, yet common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica L.) invades North American temperate forests with a broad range of light habitats. It is unclear to what extent buckthorn's success is due to high mid-season shade tolerance versus shade avoidance permitted by early leaf out and late senescence. We used buckthorn seedlings planted into a forest diversity experiment in Cloquet, Minnesota, USA and a combined buckthorn physiology-canopy light model to test (1) how buckthorn germination, growth, and survival depend on canopy shading and (2) how canopy species richness and phenology affect light availability and buckthorn performance. Based on the mean of May, August, and October light measurements, we found that canopies that permitted ≤3% transmission of incoming light had almost complete mortality of buckthorn and that growth of surviving buckthorn was strongly tied to light availability, but not canopy richness. Compared to deciduous canopies or deciduous-evergreen mixtures, evergreen canopies restricted light availability the most and led to the smallest and least likely to survive buckthorn. Our canopy models further indicated a tight linkage between buckthorn performance and spring and autumn light availability, but not summer light availability. We conclude that spring and autumn light availability are key regulators of buckthorn performance and that buckthorn relies on shade avoidance via an extended phenology to succeed in temperate forests. Consequently, we suggest species with extended spring or autumn canopy cover offer the greatest resistance to invasion, and communities which are often leafless during such periods are most vulnerable to invasion by buckthorn and similar invasive shrubs. © 2020
英文关键词	Biotic resistance; Invasion; Phenology; Rhamnus cathartica; Shade tolerance; Understory
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Biology; Light transmission; Seed; Biotic resistance; Invasion; Phenology; Rhamnus cathartica; Shade tolerance; Understory; Forestry; biotic factor; deciduous tree; forest canopy; forest ecosystem; growth; light availability; mortality; phenology; seasonal variation; shade tolerance; species richness; understory; Biology; Forestry; Light; Phenology; Resistance; Rhamnus; Transmittance; Cloquet; Minnesota; United States; Rhamnaceae; Rhamnus cathartica
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/155333
作者单位	Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Schuster M.J.,Wragg P.D.,Williams L.J.,et al. Phenology matters: Extended spring and autumn canopy cover increases biotic resistance of forests to invasion by common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica)[J],2020,464.
APA	Schuster M.J.,Wragg P.D.,Williams L.J.,Butler E.E.,Stefanski A.,&Reich P.B..(2020).Phenology matters: Extended spring and autumn canopy cover increases biotic resistance of forests to invasion by common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica).Forest Ecology and Management,464.
MLA	Schuster M.J.,et al."Phenology matters: Extended spring and autumn canopy cover increases biotic resistance of forests to invasion by common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica)".Forest Ecology and Management 464(2020).