气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Democratising forest management: Applying multiwinner approval voting to tree selection

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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118509
	Democratising forest management: Applying multiwinner approval voting to tree selection
	Pommerening A.; Brill M.; Schmidt-Kraepelin U.; Haufe J.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0378-1127
卷号	478
英文摘要	Climate change, biodiversity losses, global health threats, changing recreation patterns are but a few of the many challenges that currently, and for some time to come, the world has to cope with. To address these challenges and to mitigate some of them, ecosystem and particularly conservation management increasingly have to adopt strategies never considered before. One such new possibility is crowdsourcing, a variant of public consultation, where a number of experts are invited and, for example, asked to mark trees that – in their opinion – should be removed in order to improve or restore a forest ecosystem. This type of crowdsourcing has recently been carried out in many European countries and overseas as part of what commonly is referred to as marteloscope. In this paper, we addressed the question of how the rating or voting of such a crowd of experts is best aggregated to obtain one final, consolidated list of trees to be evicted. Standard approval voting often leads to a domination by the majority of voters and important contributions by minority experts are largely ignored. To avoid this and to better represent the pluralism of expertise and opinions in matters, where currently no best-practice guidelines exist, we analysed the effects of three proportional multiwinner rules used in political science by applying them to 50 marteloscope experiments in Great Britain. Our results indicated that proportional rules – particularly in situations where the invited expert markers disagree – achieved a better representation of different opinions than standard approval voting. Proportional rules also act as a safety mechanism reducing risks when the majority decisions prove inappropriate and as a consequence forest development could completely go astray. © 2020 The Authors
英文关键词	Conservation forest management; Continuous cover forestry; Crowdsourcing; Election; Human behaviour; Jefferson; Marteloscope; Phragmén; Representativeness; Webster
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Biodiversity; Climate change; Crowdsourcing; Ecosystems; Health risks; Best practice guidelines; Biodiversity loss; Conservation management; European Countries; Forest development; Political science; Proportional rule; Public consultation; Forestry; biodiversity; climate change; conservation management; forest ecosystem; forest management; strategic approach; tree; Biodiversity; Ecosystems; Forest Management; Forestry; Patterns; Rating; Standards; Trees; Europe; United Kingdom
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/154947
作者单位	Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SLU, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Skogsmarksgränd 17, Umeå, SE-901 83, Sweden; Technische Universität Berlin, Efficient Algorithms Research Group, Berlin, 10587, Germany; Forest Research, Technical Development, Ae Village, DG1 1QB, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Pommerening A.,Brill M.,Schmidt-Kraepelin U.,et al. Democratising forest management: Applying multiwinner approval voting to tree selection[J],2020,478.
APA	Pommerening A.,Brill M.,Schmidt-Kraepelin U.,&Haufe J..(2020).Democratising forest management: Applying multiwinner approval voting to tree selection.Forest Ecology and Management,478.
MLA	Pommerening A.,et al."Democratising forest management: Applying multiwinner approval voting to tree selection".Forest Ecology and Management 478(2020).