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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118597
	Predictors of browsing damage on commercial forests – A study linking nationwide management data
	Pfeffer S.E.; Singh N.J.; Cromsigt J.P.G.M.; Kalén C.; Widemo F.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0378-1127
卷号	479
英文摘要	Population sizes and species distributions of wild ungulates in Europe have increased during the past decades, and continue to do so. As a result, browsing pressure in forests is increasing and concerns about the effects of increasingly common multi-species deer communities on forestry are rising. However, we currently lack an understanding of how the composition of deer communities affects browsing damage, particularly with respect to the role of species with different dietary requirements. Further, the relative importance of predictors of browsing damage in systems with multiple browsers remains elusive. Here, we used data from Swedish management, which is monitoring ungulates and their damage to forests, to test how deer densities, forage availability, and winter severity predict browsing damage on commercially important Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) at national and regional scales. Moose (Alces alces) is the main browser of Scots pine, but competes with other deer over more preferred forage. During winter, a higher index of moose density was associated with higher browsing damage in northern Sweden, where there is low competition from other deer. In southern Sweden, competition from other deer is higher and a higher density index of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) was associated with higher winter damage. However, there was no relationship between moose density and damage. We suggest that moose are forced to browse more pine due to interspecific competition over alternative forage resources in the south, yielding stronger relationships between densities of competing deer species and damage than between moose density and damage. Pine density, a proxy for forage availability, was an equally or more important determinant for browsing damage as deer density indices in most regions. Increasing pine density was associated with reduced browsing damage caused in winter in all regions and reduced damage caused in summer in central Sweden. Increased winter severity, as an index of snow depth, predicted increased winter damage in the northern region only. To reduce winter damage, our results suggest that management should consider deer densities and forage availability simultaneously, while adopting a multi-species approach. Results varied among regions, with densities of other deer being more relevant in the south and winter severity more relevant in the north. Management data did not predict summer damage well. Since national models did not capture regional variations, we conclude that management decisions and actions need to be tailored to the regional or local scale. © 2020 The Author(s)
英文关键词	Cervidae; Deer density; Forage availability; Multi-species management; Pinus sylvestris; Winter severity
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Population statistics; Browsing pressures; Capreolus capreolus; Inter-specific competitions; Management decisions; Northern regions; Population sizes; Regional variation; Species distributions; Forestry; browsing; data set; environmental management; forest ecosystem; interspecific competition; seasonal variation; ungulate; wild population; Damage; Data; Density; Forage; Forestry; Management; Pinus Sylvestris; Sweden; Sweden; Alces alces; Capreolus; Capreolus capreolus; Cervidae; Pinus sylvestris; Ungulata
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/154884
作者单位	Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, 901 83, Sweden; Swedish Forest Agency, P.O. Box 343, Borås, 501 13, Sweden
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Pfeffer S.E.,Singh N.J.,Cromsigt J.P.G.M.,等. Predictors of browsing damage on commercial forests – A study linking nationwide management data[J],2021,479.
APA	Pfeffer S.E.,Singh N.J.,Cromsigt J.P.G.M.,Kalén C.,&Widemo F..(2021).Predictors of browsing damage on commercial forests – A study linking nationwide management data.Forest Ecology and Management,479.
MLA	Pfeffer S.E.,et al."Predictors of browsing damage on commercial forests – A study linking nationwide management data".Forest Ecology and Management 479(2021).