气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Single dead trees matter: Small-scale canopy gaps increase the species richness, diversity and abundance of birds breeding in a temperate deciduous forest

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DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118693
	Single dead trees matter: Small-scale canopy gaps increase the species richness, diversity and abundance of birds breeding in a temperate deciduous forest
	Lewandowski P.; Przepióra F.; Ciach M.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0378-1127
卷号	481
英文摘要	Canopy gaps produced by natural disturbances are an important source of structural and functional heterogeneity within forest ecosystems. However, the effect of natural, small-scale canopy gaps, caused by the mortality of a single tree or a group of trees, on bird assemblages has not been adequately addressed in temperate deciduous forests. We studied the effects of small-scale canopy gaps on the breeding birds of old-growth deciduous forests in the Carpathians (SE Poland). Our hypothesis was that such small gaps and the adjacent closed-canopy forest would differ in bird richness, diversity and relative abundance. Breeding bird assemblages were surveyed using point counts in 30 canopy gaps (mean area 301 m2 ± 228 SD, range: 37–970 m2) and in 30 control plots situated in the adjacent closed-canopy forest. The species richness, diversity and relative abundance of birds were significantly higher in the gaps than in the control plots and were correlated with the number of large snags. Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis and White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos occurred more frequently in the gaps than in the control plots. Eurasian Treecreeper Certhia familiaris, Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla, Song Thrush Turdus philomelos and Eurasian Nuthatch Sitta europaea were more abundant in the gaps than in the control plots. The species richness of cavity- and ground-nesters was higher and these birds were more abundant in the gaps than in the control plots. The presence/absence of a gap and the number of large snags recorded in it explained 35.4% and 52.7% of the deviance in the total number of species and the total number of individual birds, respectively. Our results indicate that even small-scale canopy gaps, in combination with the large snags recorded in them resulting from the death of a single tree or group of trees, affect bird assemblages in deciduous forests as measured by the occurrence or abundance of individual species or community indices. We suggest that treefall gaps, which are heterogeneous structures, mediate the spatial distribution of bird territories within a stand and are crucial for the biodiversity of temperate deciduous forests. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Beech; Biodiversity; Disturbance; Fagus; Forest dynamics; Forest ecosystem; Old-growth forest
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Biodiversity; Birds; Ecosystems; Deciduous forest; Functional heterogeneity; Heterogeneous structures; Natural disturbance; Number of species; Relative abundance; Species richness; Temperate deciduous forest; Forestry; abundance estimation; biodiversity; bird; breeding population; dead wood; deciduous forest; mortality; relative abundance; species diversity; species richness; Biodiversity; Birds; Breeding; Control Systems; Ecosystems; Forestry; Forests; Trees; Carpathians; Poland [Central Europe]; Aves; Certhia familiaris; Dendrocopos leucotos; Fagus; Ficedula albicollis; Sitta europaea; Sylvia atricapilla; Turdus philomelos
来源期刊	Forest Ecology and Management
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/154810
作者单位	Department of Forest Biodiversity, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture, al. 29 Listopada 46, Kraków, 31-425, Poland
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lewandowski P.,Przepióra F.,Ciach M.. Single dead trees matter: Small-scale canopy gaps increase the species richness, diversity and abundance of birds breeding in a temperate deciduous forest[J],2021,481.
APA	Lewandowski P.,Przepióra F.,&Ciach M..(2021).Single dead trees matter: Small-scale canopy gaps increase the species richness, diversity and abundance of birds breeding in a temperate deciduous forest.Forest Ecology and Management,481.
MLA	Lewandowski P.,et al."Single dead trees matter: Small-scale canopy gaps increase the species richness, diversity and abundance of birds breeding in a temperate deciduous forest".Forest Ecology and Management 481(2021).