气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Treatment of organic resources before soil incorporation in semi-arid regions improves resilience to El Nino, and increases crop production and economic returns

CCPortal

DOI	10.1088/1748-9326/ab2b1b
	Treatment of organic resources before soil incorporation in semi-arid regions improves resilience to El Nino, and increases crop production and economic returns
	Smith J.; Nayak D.; Albanito F.; Balana B.; Black H.; Boke S.; Brand A.; Byg A.; Dinato M.; Habte M.; Hallett P.; Lemma Argaw T.; Mekuria W.; Moges A.; Muluneh A.; Novo P.; Rivington M.; Tefera T.; Vanni M.; Yakob G.; Phimister E.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	17489318
卷号	14 期号:8
英文摘要	The use of limited organic resources to build resilience to drought in semi-arid regions was investigated using systems modelling. The study focused on Halaba in Ethiopia, drawing on biophysical and socio-economic data obtained from a survey of farms before, during and after the 2015/16 El Nino event. Using a simplified weather dataset to remove noise from weather fluctuations, a ten yearly El Nino was demonstrated to cause significant long-term degradation of soil, reducing crop yields by 9%-14% and soil carbon by 0.5%-4.1%; more frequent droughts would increase this impact. Farmers in Halaba usually apply manures to soils untreated. Counteracting the impact of El Nino on soil degradation is possible by increasing application of untreated manure, but would result in a small net cost due to loss of dung as fuel. By composting manure its recalcitrance increases, allowing soil degradation to be counteracted without cost. The best option investigated, in terms of both food and fuel security, for households with access to water and finances needed for anaerobic digestion (500-2000 US$), is to use manure to produce biogas and then apply the nutrient-rich bioslurry residue to the soil. This will result in a significant benefit of over 5000 US$ per decade from increased crop production and saved fuel costs. However, many households are limited in water and finances; in that situation, the much cheaper pyrolysis cook-stove (50 US$) can provide similar economic benefits without the need for water. The biochar residue from pyrolysis is highly recalcitrant, but pyrolysis results in loss of nutrients, so may result in lower yields than other uses of manures. This may be countered by using biochar to capture nutrients from elsewhere in the farm, such as from animal housing or compost pits; more work is needed to quantify the impact of treated biochar on crop yields. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
英文关键词	biochar; bioslurry; compost; El Nio; organic resource use; resilience; soil degradation
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Anaerobic digestion; Arid regions; Composting; Crops; Cultivation; Drought; Economics; Fertilizers; Fuels; Manures; Nutrients; Pyrolysis; Bio chars; bioslurry; El Nio; Organic resources; resilience; Soil degradation; Soils; agricultural economics; agrometeorology; anaerobic digestion; composting; crop production; El Nino; manure; organic matter; pyrolysis; semiarid region; soil water potential; Ethiopia; Animalia
来源期刊	Environmental Research Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/154471
作者单位	School of Biological Science, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; International Water Management Institute, Accra, Ghana; Ecological Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Department of Natural Resources, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Hawassa, Ethiopia; Social, Economic and Geographical Science Group, James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Environment, Gender and Development Studies, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia; International Water Management Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Land Economy, Environment and Society, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Information and Computational Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Business School, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Smith J.,Nayak D.,Albanito F.,et al. Treatment of organic resources before soil incorporation in semi-arid regions improves resilience to El Nino, and increases crop production and economic returns[J],2019,14(8).
APA	Smith J..,Nayak D..,Albanito F..,Balana B..,Black H..,...&Phimister E..(2019).Treatment of organic resources before soil incorporation in semi-arid regions improves resilience to El Nino, and increases crop production and economic returns.Environmental Research Letters,14(8).
MLA	Smith J.,et al."Treatment of organic resources before soil incorporation in semi-arid regions improves resilience to El Nino, and increases crop production and economic returns".Environmental Research Letters 14.8(2019).