气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Increase in beaver dams controls surface water and thermokarst dynamics in an Arctic tundra region, Baldwin Peninsula, northwestern Alaska

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DOI	10.1088/1748-9326/ab80f1
	Increase in beaver dams controls surface water and thermokarst dynamics in an Arctic tundra region, Baldwin Peninsula, northwestern Alaska
	Jones B.M.; Tape K.D.; Clark J.A.; Nitze I.; Grosse G.; Disbrow J.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	17489318
卷号	15 期号:7
英文摘要	Beavers are starting to colonize low arctic tundra regions in Alaska and Canada, which has implications for surface water changes and ice-rich permafrost degradation. In this study, we assessed the spatial and temporal dynamics of beaver dam building in relation to surface water dynamics and thermokarst landforms using sub-meter resolution satellite imagery acquired between 2002 and 2019 for two tundra areas in northwestern Alaska. In a 100 km2 study area near Kotzebue, the number of dams increased markedly from 2 to 98 between 2002 and 2019. In a 430 km2 study area encompassing the entire northern Baldwin Peninsula, the number of dams increased from 94 to 409 between 2010 and 2019, indicating a regional trend. Correlating data on beaver dam numbers with surface water area mapped for 12 individual years between 2002 and 2019 for the Kotzebue study area showed a significant positive correlation (R2 = 0.61; p < .003). Beaver-influenced waterbodies accounted for two-thirds of the 8.3% increase in total surface water area in the Kotzebue study area during the 17 year period. Beavers specifically targeted thermokarst landforms in their dam building activities. Flooding of drained thermokarst lake basins accounted for 68% of beaver-influenced surface water increases, damming of lake outlets accounted for 26%, and damming of beaded streams accounted for 6%. Surface water increases resulting from beaver dam building likely exacerbated permafrost degradation in the region, but dam failure also factored into the drainage of several thermokarst lakes in the northern Baldwin Peninsula study region, which could promote local permafrost aggradation in freshly exposed lake sediments. Our findings highlight that beaver-driven ecosystem engineering must be carefully considered when accounting for changes occurring in some permafrost regions, and in particular, regional surface water dynamics in low Arctic and Boreal landscapes. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
英文关键词	Arctic Tundra; Beavers; Surface Water; Thermokarst
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Dynamics; Geomorphology; Lakes; Landforms; Permafrost; Satellite imagery; Building activities; Ecosystem engineering; Ice-rich permafrost; Permafrost degradation; Permafrost region; Positive correlations; Temporal dynamics; Thermokarst lakes; Dams; Boreal; dam failure; ecosystem engineering; permafrost; satellite imagery; surface water; thermokarst; tundra; Alaska; Canada; Kotzebue; United States; Castoridae
来源期刊	Environmental Research Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/153956
作者单位	Institute of Northern Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United States; Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United States; Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Polar Geospatial Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Jones B.M.,Tape K.D.,Clark J.A.,et al. Increase in beaver dams controls surface water and thermokarst dynamics in an Arctic tundra region, Baldwin Peninsula, northwestern Alaska[J],2020,15(7).
APA	Jones B.M.,Tape K.D.,Clark J.A.,Nitze I.,Grosse G.,&Disbrow J..(2020).Increase in beaver dams controls surface water and thermokarst dynamics in an Arctic tundra region, Baldwin Peninsula, northwestern Alaska.Environmental Research Letters,15(7).
MLA	Jones B.M.,et al."Increase in beaver dams controls surface water and thermokarst dynamics in an Arctic tundra region, Baldwin Peninsula, northwestern Alaska".Environmental Research Letters 15.7(2020).