气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Patterns of population displacement during mega-fires in California detected using Facebook Disaster Maps

CCPortal

DOI	10.1088/1748-9326/ab8847
	Patterns of population displacement during mega-fires in California detected using Facebook Disaster Maps
	Jia S.; Kim S.H.; Nghiem S.V.; Doherty P.; Kafatos M.C.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	17489318
卷号	15 期号:7
英文摘要	The Facebook Disaster Maps (FBDM) work presented here is the first time this platform has been used to provide analysis-ready population change products derived from crowdsourced data targeting disaster relief practices. We evaluate the representativeness of FBDM data using the Mann-Kendall test and emerging hot and cold spots in an anomaly analysis to reveal the trend, magnitude, and agglommeration of population displacement during the Mendocino Complex and Woolsey fires in California, USA. Our results show that the distribution of FBDM pre-crisis users fits well with the total population from different sources. Due to usage habits, the elder population is underrepresented in FBDM data. During the two mega-fires in California, FBDM data effectively captured the temporal change of population arising from the placing and lifting of evacuation orders. Coupled with monotonic trends, the fall and rise of cold and hot spots of population revealed the areas with the greatest population drop and potential places to house the displaced residents. A comparison between the Mendocino Complex and Woolsey fires indicates that a densely populated region can be evacuated faster than a scarcely populated one, possibly due to better access to transportation. In sparsely populated fire-prone areas, resources should be prioritized to move people to shelters as the displaced residents do not have many alternative options, while their counterparts in densely populated areas can utilize their social connections to seek temporary stay at nearby locations during an evacuation. Integrated with an assessment on underrepresented communities, FBDM data and the derivatives can provide much needed information of near real-time population displacement for crisis response and disaster relief. As applications and data generation mature, FBDM will harness crowdsourced data and aid first responder decision-making. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
英文关键词	anomaly analysis; California; crowdsourced data; Facebook disaster maps; Mann-Kendall trend; social media; wildfires
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Behavioral research; Crowdsourcing; Decision making; Disaster prevention; Emergency services; Fires; Social networking (online); Anomaly analysis; California , USA; Densely populated regions; Evacuation order; First responders; Mann-Kendall test; Population change; Social connection; Population statistics; decision making; disaster management; disaster relief; displacement; elderly population; map; California; United States
来源期刊	Environmental Research Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/153941
作者单位	Center of Excellence in Earth Systems Modeling and Observations (CEESMO), Chapman University, Orange, CA, United States; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; National Alliance for Public Safety GIS (NAPSG) Foundation, Washington, DC, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Jia S.,Kim S.H.,Nghiem S.V.,et al. Patterns of population displacement during mega-fires in California detected using Facebook Disaster Maps[J],2020,15(7).
APA	Jia S.,Kim S.H.,Nghiem S.V.,Doherty P.,&Kafatos M.C..(2020).Patterns of population displacement during mega-fires in California detected using Facebook Disaster Maps.Environmental Research Letters,15(7).
MLA	Jia S.,et al."Patterns of population displacement during mega-fires in California detected using Facebook Disaster Maps".Environmental Research Letters 15.7(2020).