气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Shifting agricultural practices to produce sustainable, low carbon intensity feedstocks for biofuel production

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DOI	10.1088/1748-9326/ab794e
	Shifting agricultural practices to produce sustainable, low carbon intensity feedstocks for biofuel production
	Liu X.; Kwon H.; Northrup D.; Wang M.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	17489318
卷号	15 期号:8
英文摘要	The carbon intensity (CI) of biofuel's well-to-pump life cycle is calculated by life cycle analysis (LCA) to account for the energy/material inputs of the feedstock production and fuel conversion stages and the associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during these stages. The LCA is used by the California Air Resources Board's Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) program to calculate CI and monetary credits are issued based on the difference between a given fuel's CI and a reference fuel's CI. Through the Tier 2 certification program under which individual fuel production facilities can submit their own CIs with their facility input data, the LCFS has driven innovative technologies to biofuel conversion facilities, resulting in substantial reductions in GHG emissions as compared to the baseline gasoline or diesel. A similar approach can be taken to allow feedstock petition in the LCFS so that lower-CI feedstock can be rewarded. Here we examined the potential for various agronomic practices to improve the GHG profiles of corn ethanol by performing feedstock-level CI analysis for the Midwestern United States. Our system boundary covers GHG emissions from the cradle-to-farm-gate activities (i.e. farm input manufacturing and feedstock production), along with the potential impacts of soil organic carbon change during feedstock production. We conducted scenario-based CI analysis of ethanol, coupled with regionalized inventory data, for various farming practices to manage corn fields, and identified key parameters affecting cradle-to-farm-gate GHG emissions. The results demonstrate large spatial variations in CI of ethanol due to farm input use and land management practices. In particular, adopting conservation tillage, reducing nitrogen fertilizer use, and implementing cover crops has the potential to reduce GHG emissions per unit corn produced when compared to a baseline scenario of corn-soybean rotation. This work shows a large potential emission offset opportunity by allowing feedstock producers a path to Tier 2 petitions that reward low-CI feedstocks and further reduce biofuels' CI. The prevalence of significant acreage that has not been optimized for CI suggests that policy changes that incentivize optimization of this parameter could provide significant additionality over current trends in farm efficiency and adoption of conservation practice. © UChicago Argonne, LLC. Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
英文关键词	biofuel; corn production; cradle-to-farm-gateGHGemissions; regionalized life cycle analysis; soil organic carbon
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Agriculture; Biofuels; Ethanol; Feedstocks; Gas emissions; Gas fuel analysis; Greenhouse gases; Manufacture; Nitrogen fertilizers; Organic carbon; Soil conservation; Stages; Agricultural practices; California Air Resources Board; Certification programs; Conservation practices; Corn-soybean rotations; Innovative technology; Land management practices; Substantial reduction; Life cycle; agricultural practice; biofuel; shifting cultivation; sustainability; Glycine max; Zea mays
来源期刊	Environmental Research Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/153878
作者单位	Systems Assessment Center, Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, United States; Former Technical Support Contractor from Booz Allen Hamilton Supporting, Department of Energy's Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy, Currently with Benson Hill, Saint Louis, MO, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Liu X.,Kwon H.,Northrup D.,et al. Shifting agricultural practices to produce sustainable, low carbon intensity feedstocks for biofuel production[J],2020,15(8).
APA	Liu X.,Kwon H.,Northrup D.,&Wang M..(2020).Shifting agricultural practices to produce sustainable, low carbon intensity feedstocks for biofuel production.Environmental Research Letters,15(8).
MLA	Liu X.,et al."Shifting agricultural practices to produce sustainable, low carbon intensity feedstocks for biofuel production".Environmental Research Letters 15.8(2020).