气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Post-monsoon air quality degradation across Northern India: Assessing the impact of policy-related shifts in timing and amount of crop residue burnt

CCPortal

DOI	10.1088/1748-9326/aba714
	Post-monsoon air quality degradation across Northern India: Assessing the impact of policy-related shifts in timing and amount of crop residue burnt
	Sembhi H.; Wooster M.; Zhang T.; Sharma S.; Singh N.; Agarwal S.; Boesch H.; Gupta S.; Misra A.; Tripathi S.N.; Mor S.; Khaiwal R.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	17489318
卷号	15 期号:10
英文摘要	The past decade has seen episodes of increasingly severe air pollution across much of the highly populated Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), particularly during the post-monsoon season when crop residue burning (CRB) is most prevalent. Recent studies have suggested that a major, possibly dominant contributor to this air quality decline is that northwest (NW) Indian rice residue burning has shifted later into the post-monsoon season, as an unintended consequence of a 2009 groundwater preservation policy that delayed the sowing of irrigated rice paddy. Here we combine air quality modelling of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) over IGP cities, with meteorology, fire and smoke emissions data to directly test this hypothesis. Our analysis of satellite-derived agricultural fires shows that an approximate 10 d shift in the timing of NW India post-monsoon residue burning occurred since the introduction of the 2009 groundwater preservation policy. For the air quality crisis of 2016, we found that NW Indian CRB timing shifts made a small contribution to worsening air quality (3% over Delhi) during the post-monsoon season. However, if the same agricultural fires were further delayed, air quality in the CRB source region (i.e. Ludhiana) and for Delhi could have deteriorated by 30% and 4.4%, respectively. Simulations for other years highlight strong inter-annual variabilities in the impact of these timing shifts, with the magnitude and even direction of PM2.5 concentration changes strongly dependent on specific meteorological conditions. Overall we find post-monsoon IGP air quality to be far more sensitive to meteorology and the amount of residue burned in the fields of NW India than to the timing shifts in residue burning. Our study calls for immediate actions to provide farmers affordable and sustainable alternatives to residue burning to hasten its effective prohibition, which is paramount to reducing the intensity of post-monsoon IGP air pollution episodes. © 2020 The Author(s).
英文关键词	Agriculture; Air quality; Crop residue burning; Earth observation; Groundwater; Indo-Gangetic Plain; Policy
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Agricultural robots; Agricultural wastes; Air quality; Crops; Groundwater; Meteorology; Smoke; Timing circuits; Air pollution episodes; Air quality modelling; Fine particulate matter (PM2.5); Indo-Gangetic Plains; Interannual variability; Meteorological condition; Preservation policies; Unintended consequences; Atmospheric thermodynamics; air quality; atmospheric pollution; crop residue; hypothesis testing; paddy field; particulate matter; rice; smoke; sowing; Delhi; Gangetic Plain; India; Ludhiana; Punjab [India]; Oryza sativa (indica cultivar-group)
来源期刊	Environmental Research Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/153697
作者单位	School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Centre for Wildfires, Environment and Society, Department of Geography, Kings College London, United Kingdom; National Centre for Earth Observation, United Kingdom; Energy and Resources Institute, Delhi, India; Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India; Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute for Education and Medical Research, Chandigarh, India
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sembhi H.,Wooster M.,Zhang T.,et al. Post-monsoon air quality degradation across Northern India: Assessing the impact of policy-related shifts in timing and amount of crop residue burnt[J],2020,15(10).
APA	Sembhi H..,Wooster M..,Zhang T..,Sharma S..,Singh N..,...&Khaiwal R..(2020).Post-monsoon air quality degradation across Northern India: Assessing the impact of policy-related shifts in timing and amount of crop residue burnt.Environmental Research Letters,15(10).
MLA	Sembhi H.,et al."Post-monsoon air quality degradation across Northern India: Assessing the impact of policy-related shifts in timing and amount of crop residue burnt".Environmental Research Letters 15.10(2020).