气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Brazilian amazon indigenous peoples threatened by mining bill

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DOI	10.1088/1748-9326/abb428
	Brazilian amazon indigenous peoples threatened by mining bill
	Rorato A.C.; Camara G.; Escada M.I.S.; Picoli M.C.A.; Moreira T.; Verstegen J.A.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	17489318
卷号	15 期号:10
英文摘要	The Brazilian Amazon has the highest concentration of indigenous peoples in the world. Recently, the Brazilian government sent a bill to Congress to regulate commercial mining in indigenous lands. This work analyzes the risks of the proposed mining bill to Amazonian indigenous peoples and their lands. To evaluate the possible impact of the new mining bill, we consider all mining license requests registered in Brazil's National Mining Agency that overlap indigenous lands as potential mining areas in the future. The existing mining requests cover 176 000 km2 of indigenous lands, a factor 3000 more than the area of current illegal mining. Considering only these existing requests, about 15% of the total area of ILs in the region could be directly affected by mining if the bill is approved. Ethnic groups like Yudjá, Kayapó, Apalaí, Wayana, and Katuena may have between 47% and 87% of their lands impacted. Gold mining, which has previously shown to cause mercury contamination, death of indigenous people due to diseases, and biodiversity degradation, accounts for 64% of the requested areas. We conclude that the proposed bill is a significant threat to Amazonian indigenous peoples, further exposing indigenous peoples to rural violence, contamination by toxic pollutants, and contagious diseases. The obligation of the government is to enforce existing laws and regulations that put indigenous rights and livelihoods above economic consideration and not to reduce such protections. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
英文关键词	amazon; indigenous lands; indigenous peoples; mining; policy
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Biodiversity; Brazilian Amazon; Contagious disease; Economic considerations; Ethnic groups; Indigenous people; Laws and regulations; Mercury contamination; Toxic pollutants; Laws and legislation; biodiversity; ethnic group; governance approach; indigenous population; legal system; livelihood; mercury (element); regulatory framework; Amazonas [Brazil]; Brazil
来源期刊	Environmental Research Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/153573
作者单位	National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Earth System Science Center, São José dos Campos, 12227-010, Brazil; University of Muenster, Institute for Geoinformatics, Muenster, 48149, Germany; National Institute for Space Research (INPE), General Coordination of Earth Observation (OBT), São José dos Campos, 12227-010, Brazil; Socio-Environmental Institute (ISA), Monitoring of Protected Areas, São Paulo, 01238-001, Brazil
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Rorato A.C.,Camara G.,Escada M.I.S.,et al. Brazilian amazon indigenous peoples threatened by mining bill[J],2020,15(10).
APA	Rorato A.C.,Camara G.,Escada M.I.S.,Picoli M.C.A.,Moreira T.,&Verstegen J.A..(2020).Brazilian amazon indigenous peoples threatened by mining bill.Environmental Research Letters,15(10).
MLA	Rorato A.C.,et al."Brazilian amazon indigenous peoples threatened by mining bill".Environmental Research Letters 15.10(2020).