气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Carbon pricing and competitiveness: are they at odds?

CCPortal

DOI	10.1080/14693062.2020.1805291
	Carbon pricing and competitiveness: are they at odds?
	Venmans F.; Ellis J.; Nachtigall D.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	14693062
起始页码	1070
结束页码	1091
卷号	20 期号:9
英文摘要	This paper reviews ex-post empirical assessments on the impact of carbon pricing on competitiveness in OECD and G20 countries, primarily in the European Union, in the electricity and industrial sectors. Most of these assessments find no statistically significant effects of carbon pricing or energy prices on different dimensions of competitiveness, including net imports, foreign direct investments, turnover, value added, employment, profits, productivity, and innovation. When statistically significant results have been found, the magnitude of such effects tends to be small–either positive or negative. Thus, concerns about negative short-term effects of carbon pricing on firms’ or sectors’ international competitiveness have not come to pass, at least to date. These findings are in part because carbon price levels have been low and because of exemptions to carbon taxes for industry, or generous levels of free allowances to firms covered by emissions trading schemes. Key policy insights Most of the studies reviewed in this paper find no statistically significant effects of carbon pricing or energy price fluctuations on different dimensions of competitiveness (employment, profits, net imports). When statistically significant results have been found, the magnitude of such effects is small. This is not surprising, because long term trends in overall energy costs have a small effect compared to other trends. Moreover, carbon costs levied on industry have been low, either because of carbon tax breaks or free allowances to firms. Carbon pricing has a small and positive effect on productivity and innovation. In particular, all studies report statistically significant increases in patenting. Studies that find small negative competitiveness effects tend to focus on net imports and outward foreign direct investment. Establishing a positive and stable carbon price (even if initially at a low level) will provide a clear signal of policy direction for participating firms. This may actually reduce risks to competitiveness in the longer-term if it incentivises firms to adopt advanced pollution abatement technologies in an increasingly carbon-constrained global economy. © 2020 OECD.
英文关键词	carbon markets; carbon pricing; competitiveness; Environmental regulation
语种	英语
scopus关键词	carbon dioxide; carbon emission; competitiveness; energy market; environmental policy; numerical model; OECD; price dynamics; trend analysis
来源期刊	Climate Policy
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/153242
作者单位	Department of Microeconomics, University of Mons, Belgium; OECD, Environment Directorate, Paris, France
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Venmans F.,Ellis J.,Nachtigall D.. Carbon pricing and competitiveness: are they at odds?[J],2020,20(9).
APA	Venmans F.,Ellis J.,&Nachtigall D..(2020).Carbon pricing and competitiveness: are they at odds?.Climate Policy,20(9).
MLA	Venmans F.,et al."Carbon pricing and competitiveness: are they at odds?".Climate Policy 20.9(2020).