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DOI	10.1007/s10533-020-00683-6
	The long-term fate of deposited nitrogen in temperate forest soils
	Veerman L.; Kalbitz K.; Gundersen P.; Kjønaas J.; Moldan F.; Schleppi P.; van Loon E.E.; Schoorl J.; Wessel W.; Tietema A.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0168-2563
卷号	150 期号:1
英文摘要	Increased anthropogenic nitrogen (N) inputs can alter the N cycle and affect forest ecosystem functions. The impact of increased N deposition depends among others on the ultimate fate of N in plant and soil N pools. Short-term studies (3–18 months) have shown that the organic soil layer was the dominant sink for N. However, longer time scales are needed to investigate the long-term fate of N. Therefore, the soils of four experimental forest sites across Europe were re-sampled ~ 2 decades after labelling with 15N. The sites covered a wide range of ambient N deposition varying from 13 to 58 kg N ha−1 year−1. To investigate the effects of different N loads on 15N recovery, ambient N levels were experimentally increased or decreased. We hypothesized that: (1) the mineral soil would become the dominant 15N sink after 2 decades, (2) long-term increased N deposition would lead to lower 15N recovery levels in the soil and (3) variables related to C dynamics would have the largest impact on 15N recovery in the soil. The results show that large amounts of the added 15N remain in the soil after 2 decades and at 2 out of 4 sites the 15N recovery levels are higher in the mineral soil than in the organic soil. The results show no clear responses of the isotopic signature to the changes in N deposition. Several environmental drivers are identified as controlling factors for long-term 15N recovery. Most drivers that significantly contribute to 15N recovery are strongly related to the soil organic matter (SOM) content. These findings are consistent with the idea that much of the added 15N is immobilized in the SOM. In the organic soil layer, we identify C stock, thickness of the organic layer, N-status and mean annual temperature of the forest sites as most important controlling factors. In the mineral soil we identify C stock, C content, pH, moisture content, bulk density, temperature, precipitation and forest stand age as most important controlling factors. Overall, our results show that these temperate forests are capable of retaining long-term increased N inputs preferably when SOM availability is high and SOM turnover and N availability are low. © 2020, The Author(s).
英文关键词	15N tracer; Long-term; N deposition; N-status; SOM accumulation
语种	英语
scopus关键词	anthropogenic effect; ecosystem function; environmental fate; forest ecosystem; forest soil; long-term change; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; organic soil; soil organic matter; temperate forest; Europe
来源期刊	Biogeochemistry
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/153119
作者单位	Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1090 GE, Netherlands; Institute of Soil Science and Site Ecology, Technische Universität Dresden, Pienner Straße 19, Tharandt, 01737, Germany; Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark; Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Høgskoleveien 8, Ǻs, Oslo 1433, Norway; Swedish Environmental Research Institute (IVL), Aschebergsgatan 44, Göteborg, 411 33, Sweden; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland; University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Veerman L.,Kalbitz K.,Gundersen P.,et al. The long-term fate of deposited nitrogen in temperate forest soils[J],2020,150(1).
APA	Veerman L..,Kalbitz K..,Gundersen P..,Kjønaas J..,Moldan F..,...&Tietema A..(2020).The long-term fate of deposited nitrogen in temperate forest soils.Biogeochemistry,150(1).
MLA	Veerman L.,et al."The long-term fate of deposited nitrogen in temperate forest soils".Biogeochemistry 150.1(2020).