气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Recent increases of rainfall and flooding from tropical cyclones (TCs) in North Carolina (USA): implications for organic matter and nutrient cycling in coastal watersheds

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DOI	10.1007/s10533-020-00693-4
	Recent increases of rainfall and flooding from tropical cyclones (TCs) in North Carolina (USA): implications for organic matter and nutrient cycling in coastal watersheds
	Paerl H.W.; Hall N.S.; Hounshell A.G.; Rossignol K.L.; Barnard M.A.; Luettich R.A.; Jr.; Rudolph J.C.; Osburn C.L.; Bales J.; Harding L.W.; Jr.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0168-2563
起始页码	197
结束页码	216
卷号	150 期号:2
英文摘要	Coastal North Carolina experienced 36 tropical cyclones (TCs), including three floods of historical significance in the past two decades (Hurricanes Floyd-1999, Matthew-2016 and Florence-2018). These events caused catastrophic flooding and major alterations of water quality, fisheries habitat and ecological conditions of the Albemarle-Pamlico Sound (APS), the second largest estuarine complex in the United States. Continuous rainfall records for coastal NC since 1898 reveal a period of unprecedented high precipitation storm events since the late-1990s. Six of seven of the “wettest” storm events in this > 120-year record occurred in the past two decades, identifying a period of elevated precipitation and flooding associated with recent TCs. We examined storm-related freshwater discharge, carbon (C) and nutrient, i.e., nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loadings, and evaluated contributions to total annual inputs in the Neuse River Estuary (NRE), a major sub-estuary of the APS. These contributions were highly significant, accounting for > 50% of annual loads depending on antecedent conditions and storm-related flooding. Depending on the magnitude of freshwater discharge, the NRE either acted as a “processor” to partially assimilate and metabolize the loads or acted as a “pipeline” to transport the loads to the APS and coastal Atlantic Ocean. Under base-flow, terrestrial sources dominate riverine carbon. During storm events these carbon sources are enhanced through the inundation and release of carbon from wetlands. These findings show that event-scale discharge plays an important and, at times, predominant role in C, N and P loadings. We appear to have entered a new climatic regime characterized by more frequent extreme precipitation events, with major ramifications for hydrology, cycling of C, N and P, water quality and habitat conditions in estuarine and coastal waters. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
英文关键词	Coastal; Estuarine; Flooding; North carolina; Nutrient cycling; Organic carbon; Phytoplankton; Tropical cyclones
语种	英语
scopus关键词	antecedent conditions; flooding; freshwater; nutrient cycling; organic matter; phosphorus; rainfall; tropical cyclone; water quality; Atlantic Ocean; Neuse Estuary; North Carolina; Pamlico Sound; United States
来源期刊	Biogeochemistry
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/153108
作者单位	Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC 28557, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, United States; Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Cambridge, MA 02140, United States; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Paerl H.W.,Hall N.S.,Hounshell A.G.,et al. Recent increases of rainfall and flooding from tropical cyclones (TCs) in North Carolina (USA): implications for organic matter and nutrient cycling in coastal watersheds[J],2020,150(2).
APA	Paerl H.W..,Hall N.S..,Hounshell A.G..,Rossignol K.L..,Barnard M.A..,...&Jr..(2020).Recent increases of rainfall and flooding from tropical cyclones (TCs) in North Carolina (USA): implications for organic matter and nutrient cycling in coastal watersheds.Biogeochemistry,150(2).
MLA	Paerl H.W.,et al."Recent increases of rainfall and flooding from tropical cyclones (TCs) in North Carolina (USA): implications for organic matter and nutrient cycling in coastal watersheds".Biogeochemistry 150.2(2020).