气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Ecological globalisation; serial depletion and the medieval trade of walrus rostra

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DOI	10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.106122
	Ecological globalisation; serial depletion and the medieval trade of walrus rostra
	Barrett J.H.; Boessenkool S.; Kneale C.J.; O'Connell T.C.; Star B.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0277-3791
卷号	229
英文摘要	The impacts of early ecological globalisation may have had profound economic and environmental consequences for human settlements and animal populations. Here, we review the extent of such historical impacts by investigating the medieval trade of walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) ivory. We use an interdisciplinary approach including chaîne opératoire, ancient DNA (aDNA), stable isotope and zooarchaeological analysis of walrus rostra (skull sections) to identify their biological source and subsequent trade through Indigenous and urban networks. This approach complements and improves the spatial resolution of earlier aDNA observations, and we conclude that almost all medieval European finds of walrus rostra likely derived from Greenland. We further find that shifting urban nodes redistributed the traded ivory and that the latest medieval rostra finds were from smaller, often female, walruses of a distinctive DNA clade, which is especially prevalent in northern Greenland. Our results suggest that more and smaller animals were targeted at increasingly untenable distances, which reflects a classic pattern of resource depletion. We consider how the trade of walrus and elephant ivory intersected, and evaluate the extent to which emergent globalisation and the “resource curse” contributed to the abandonment of Norse Greenland. © 2019 The Authors
英文关键词	Ancient DNA; Archaeology; Ecological globalisation; Europe; Greenland; Historical ecology; Middle Ages; Stable isotopes
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Animals; DNA; Ecology; Forestry; Isotopes; Ancient dnas; Archaeology; Europe; Globalisation; Greenland; Historical ecology; Middle ages; Stable isotopes; International trade; DNA; global trade; globalization; human settlement; interdisciplinary approach; ivory; mammal; Medieval; spatial resolution; stable isotope; Arctic; Greenland; Animalia; Odobenidae; Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus
来源期刊	Quaternary Science Reviews
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/151620
作者单位	McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3ER, United Kingdom; Department of Archaeology and Cultural History, NTNU University Museum, Trondheim, 7491, Norway; Trinity Centre for Environmental Humanities, Arts Block, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, Innkjøpskontoret U-157, Oslo, NO-0371, Norway; Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Barrett J.H.,Boessenkool S.,Kneale C.J.,et al. Ecological globalisation; serial depletion and the medieval trade of walrus rostra[J],2020,229.
APA	Barrett J.H.,Boessenkool S.,Kneale C.J.,O'Connell T.C.,&Star B..(2020).Ecological globalisation; serial depletion and the medieval trade of walrus rostra.Quaternary Science Reviews,229.
MLA	Barrett J.H.,et al."Ecological globalisation; serial depletion and the medieval trade of walrus rostra".Quaternary Science Reviews 229(2020).