气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The biogeography of “breas”: Contextualizing the taphonomy; ecology; and diversity of Trinidad's asphaltic fossil record

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106179
	The biogeography of “breas”: Contextualizing the taphonomy; ecology; and diversity of Trinidad's asphaltic fossil record
	Mychajliw A.M.; Mohammed R.S.; Rice K.A.; Farrell A.B.; Rincón A.D.; McAfee R.; McDonald H.G.; Lindsey E.L.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0277-3791
卷号	232
英文摘要	While the lagerstätte Rancho La Brea in California, USA has yielded millions of specimens, fossiliferous asphaltic deposits (“tar pits” or “breas”) are globally rare, with <15 localities. In the neotropics, such deposits represent opportunities for preservation in otherwise challenging tropical climates. The Caribbean island of Trinidad contains the largest natural asphalt deposit in the world and has a fragmentary record of brief excavations in the early-mid 1900s. We integrated information from collections databases with archival research and field surveys to verify localities, reconstruct taphonomic scenarios, and compile the first comprehensive Pleistocene faunal record for terrestrial Trinidad. To guide interpretations of this poorly sampled region, we conducted a quantitative synthesis of megafaunal mammal abundance data from all known “tar pits” of the western hemisphere, including metrics for sampling coverage and ecological diversity. Based on these metrics, condition of skeletal material, and descriptions of geology, we suggest that the megafaunal remains from Trinidadian localities represent secondary asphaltic preservation, in which hydrocarbons infiltrated in-situ Pleistocene bone beds, thus guiding future excavation approaches. The orders Cingulata, Pilosa, Proboscidea and Rodentia are represented, with genera that are ecologically consistent with the former savanna connection of Trinidad and Venezuela. Using this information, we infer the Quaternary biogeographic and paleoenvironmental history of Trinidad and demonstrate sized-biased extinctions. Finally, we identify interdisciplinary opportunities to study the actualistic taphonomy and ecology of active asphalt seeps today. Our study contributes both to our understanding of the paleoecology of the Caribbean and northern South America, as well as “tar pits” globally. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
英文关键词	Asphalt; Biogeography; Caribbean; Megafauna; Paleoecology; Plio-Pleistocene transition; Quaternary; South America; Tar pits
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Asphalt; Deposits; Excavation; Mammals; Tar; Biogeography; Caribbean; Megafauna; Paleoecology; Plio-pleistocene; Quaternary; South America; Ecology; abundance; biogeography; fossil record; mammal; paleoecology; Pleistocene; Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary; Quaternary; savanna; species diversity; taphonomy; Beni; Bolivia; California; Rancho La Brea; Trinidad; Trinidad [Beni]; United States; United States; Venezuela; Cingulata; Mammalia; Proboscidea (mammal); Rodentia
来源期刊	Quaternary Science Reviews
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/151559
作者单位	La Brea Tar Pits & Museum, Los Angeles, CA 90036, United States; Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan; Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology and Microbiome Research, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, United States; Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago; Laboratorio de Paleontología, Centro de Ecología Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine – Georgia, Suwanee, GA 30024, United States; Bureau of Land Management, Colorado State OfficeCO 80215, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Mychajliw A.M.,Mohammed R.S.,Rice K.A.,等. The biogeography of “breas”: Contextualizing the taphonomy; ecology; and diversity of Trinidad's asphaltic fossil record[J],2020,232.
APA	Mychajliw A.M..,Mohammed R.S..,Rice K.A..,Farrell A.B..,Rincón A.D..,...&Lindsey E.L..(2020).The biogeography of “breas”: Contextualizing the taphonomy; ecology; and diversity of Trinidad's asphaltic fossil record.Quaternary Science Reviews,232.
MLA	Mychajliw A.M.,et al."The biogeography of “breas”: Contextualizing the taphonomy; ecology; and diversity of Trinidad's asphaltic fossil record".Quaternary Science Reviews 232(2020).