气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Atmospheric CO2 concentrations restrict the growth of Oxalis pes-caprae bulbs used by human inhabitants of the Paleo-Agulhas plain during the Pleistocene glacials

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DOI	10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.04.017
	Atmospheric CO2 concentrations restrict the growth of Oxalis pes-caprae bulbs used by human inhabitants of the Paleo-Agulhas plain during the Pleistocene glacials
	Faltein Z.; Esler K.J.; Midgley G.F.; Ripley B.S.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0277-3791
卷号	235
英文摘要	Humans that inhabited the glacial refugia in the Cape Floristic Region are assumed to have harvested and consumed plant underground storage organs (USOs) as an important carbohydrate source during the Middle Pleistocene. Botha et al. (2020, this issue), and others have demonstrated the rich resource that such plants might offer to early human gatherers. However, such studies do not correct for the likely reduction in plant productivity and USO yields related to much reduced CO2 concentrations typical of Pleistocene glacial periods. To assess the need for such a correction, we grew Oxalis pes-caprae, a species harvested by the human gatherers, at a range of CO2 concentrations from glacial to current. Decreasing CO2 concentrations to glacial levels almost halved the mass of bulbs produced, while biomass was preferentially allocated to roots and shoots, which were not significantly decreased relative to plants grown at current CO2 concentrations. This would have major implications for estimating the potential calorific return to foraging effort, as modelled using anthropological data and assuming that USO yields would be similarly affected. The model suggests that an almost doubled foraging effort would have been required at glacial compared to current conditions. This highlights the need to consider plant growth conditions and particularly atmospheric CO2 concentrations when extrapolating current anthropological studies to the past, which could be a major gap in understanding human dietary preferences in glacial conditions. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
英文关键词	Geophytes; Glacial CO2; Pleistocene
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Digital storage; Glacial geology; Carbohydrate sources; Geophytes; Glacial CO2; Middle Pleistocene; Plant productivity; Pleistocene; Pleistocene glacial; Underground storage; Carbon dioxide; biomass allocation; Cape Floristic Region; carbon dioxide; concentration (composition); hunter-gatherer; paleobotany; paleoenvironment; Pleistocene; root-shoot ratio; Agulhas Plain; South Africa; Western Cape; Oxalis pes-caprae
来源期刊	Quaternary Science Reviews
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/151522
作者单位	Department of Botany, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa; Conservation Ecology & Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag x1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag Xl, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Faltein Z.,Esler K.J.,Midgley G.F.,et al. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations restrict the growth of Oxalis pes-caprae bulbs used by human inhabitants of the Paleo-Agulhas plain during the Pleistocene glacials[J],2020,235.
APA	Faltein Z.,Esler K.J.,Midgley G.F.,&Ripley B.S..(2020).Atmospheric CO2 concentrations restrict the growth of Oxalis pes-caprae bulbs used by human inhabitants of the Paleo-Agulhas plain during the Pleistocene glacials.Quaternary Science Reviews,235.
MLA	Faltein Z.,et al."Atmospheric CO2 concentrations restrict the growth of Oxalis pes-caprae bulbs used by human inhabitants of the Paleo-Agulhas plain during the Pleistocene glacials".Quaternary Science Reviews 235(2020).