气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Recent fire regime in the southern boreal forests of western Siberia is unprecedented in the last five millennia

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106495
	Recent fire regime in the southern boreal forests of western Siberia is unprecedented in the last five millennia
	Feurdean A.; Florescu G.; Tanţău I.; Vannière B.; Diaconu A.-C.; Pfeiffer M.; Warren D.; Hutchinson S.M.; Gorina N.; Gałka M.; Kirpotin S.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0277-3791
卷号	244
英文摘要	Wildfires in Siberia are documented to have increased in frequency and severity over recent decades. However, in the absence of long-term records, it is unclear how far and why this trend deviates from centennial to millennial scale variability. Here we reconstruct past patterns of fire frequency and fire type, and explore how the fire-related traits of boreal species and plant functional types (PFTs) determine ecosystem responses to changing fire regimes. We use charcoal-based reconstructions of the fire regime in combination with a pollen-based assessment of vegetation composition in two boreal forest peat profiles from Plotnikovo Mire in western Siberia that span the last 2400 and 5000 years. We found moderate levels of biomass burning between 5000 and 4000 cal yr BP. Biomass burning and fire severity i.e., more biomass burning per fire episode, increased over the last 1500 cal yr BP associated with the dominance of fire invaders (Betula). Conversely, between 4000 and 1500 cal yr BP lower biomass burning, with perhaps fire types affecting mostly litter and understorey vegetation, coincided with the dominance of fire resisters (e.g., Pinus sylvestris, P. sibirica, Larix) intermixed with a considerable number of fire avoiders (e.g., Abies sibirica and Picea obovata). This long-term perspective shows that the current fire regime commenced 1500 years ago and deviates from the trends observed over the last 5000 years. This deviation is linked to a combination of climate conditions conducive to fire, the amount and composition of woody fuels, and land use changes. Although pines reacted more sensitively to increased fire severity, the fire avoider Picea obovata appears to be much more vulnerable to both frequent, severe fires than Abies sibirica. We anticipate that climatically driven changes in fire weather, with frequent warm and dry spells, and anthropogenic land use intensification will heighten fire severity and their impact, driving vegetation composition towards Betula species to the detriment of Picea obovata. This study also shows that charcoal morphotypes can provide useful information on fuel and fire type, and that, although all macro-charcoal size classes reliably indicate local-scale fires, the larger fraction (>300–500 μm) allows the identification of on-site fire episodes. We recommend multi-site palaeo-fire reconstructions in boreal peatlands to adequately reflect the influence of localised peat moisture content, and vegetation composition and structure variability on the small-scale heterogeneity of fire type and spread. This will ensure that trends in fire regime dynamics are representative and not limited to the local scale. We also propose future directions in fire research that can be tested using fossil records of fire, climate and vegetation ideally in an interdisciplinary approach. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
英文关键词	Biomass burning; Charcoal morphologies; Climate change; Drought; Fire frequency; Fire severity; Great Vasyugan Mire; Peat archives; Pollen; Russia; Satellite images
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Biomass; Charcoal; Forestry; Land use; Peat; Vegetation; Ecosystem response; Long term records; Long-term perspective; Plant functional type; Small-scale heterogeneity; Southern boreal forests; Understorey vegetation; Vegetation composition; Fires; anthropogenic effect; biomass burning; boreal forest; coniferous tree; ecosystem response; fossil record; morphotype; spatiotemporal analysis; wildfire; Siberia; Abies sibirica; Betula; Larix; Picea obovata; Pinus sylvestris
来源期刊	Quaternary Science Reviews
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/151345
作者单位	Department of Physical Geography, Goethe University, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany; Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage, 25, Frankfurt am Main, 60325, Germany; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Geography, Stefan cel Mare University, 13 Universităţii Street, Suceava, 720229, Romania; Department of Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Kogălniceanu 1, Cluj-Napoca, 400084, Romania; CNRS Chrono-environnement UMR 6249 and MSHE USR 3124, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, F-25000, France; School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Salford, Greater Manchester, M5 4WT, United Kingdom; Department of Ecology, Natural Use and Environmental Engineering, National Tomsk State University, Lenina Pr., 36, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation; Department of Geobotany and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banach...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Feurdean A.,Florescu G.,Tanţău I.,et al. Recent fire regime in the southern boreal forests of western Siberia is unprecedented in the last five millennia[J],2020,244.
APA	Feurdean A..,Florescu G..,Tanţău I..,Vannière B..,Diaconu A.-C..,...&Kirpotin S..(2020).Recent fire regime in the southern boreal forests of western Siberia is unprecedented in the last five millennia.Quaternary Science Reviews,244.
MLA	Feurdean A.,et al."Recent fire regime in the southern boreal forests of western Siberia is unprecedented in the last five millennia".Quaternary Science Reviews 244(2020).