气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): New insights into source and dispersal of Mediterranean S1 tephra; an early Holocene marker horizon erupted at Mt. Erciyes (Turkey)

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DOI	10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106606
	New insights into source and dispersal of Mediterranean S1 tephra; an early Holocene marker horizon erupted at Mt. Erciyes (Turkey)
	Friedrichs B.; Schindlbeck-Belo J.C.; Danišík M.; Jenkins S.F.; Yurteri E.; Çobankaya M.; Frische M.; Wang K.-L.; Lee H.-Y.; Atıcı G.; Schmitt A.K.; Sparks R.S.J.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0277-3791
卷号	249
英文摘要	Deposition of early Holocene Eastern Mediterranean S1 tephra and a Black Sea cryptotephra coincides with cultural transitions in the Fertile Crescent termed the Neolithic Revolution as well as sapropel formation during climate variability of the African humid period, classifying them as paramount regional marker horizons for archaeology as well as paleoclimatology. Their correlations with specific eruptions of the Mt. Erciyes stratovolcanic complex (Central Anatolia) remained inconclusive though. Here, we use zircon double-dating by (U–Th)/He and U–Th disequilibrium methods, major and trace element tephra glass geochemistry, and probabilistic modeling of tephra dispersal in an attempt to characterize all major late Quaternary proximal tephras of Mt. Erciyes, and to correlate them with distal deposits. Furthermore, we discuss contrasting proximal and distal tephra dispersal. Three nearly-coeval rhyolitic satellite domes (Dikkartın, Perikartın, and Karagüllü) erupted at Mt. Erciyes in the early Holocene, and their dome extrusions were all preceded by explosive phases producing pyroclastic material that formed tephra fall and pyroclastic flow deposits. The new eruption age of 9.03 ± 0.55 ka (1σ uncertainty here and elsewhere) for proximal Dikkartın pumice is consistent with 14C-based S1 tephra chronologies in distal locations averaging 8.92 ± 0.03 cal ka BP. Perikartın pyroclastic flow deposits predate S1 tephra by ca. 0.8 ka according to a pair of published 14C ages, and stratigraphically overlie Karagüllü fall-out, here dated to 8.2 ± 1.8 ka. Previously undated proximal tephras of Mt. Erciyes erupted in the Late (85.2 ± 4.9 ka) and Middle Pleistocene (154.5 ± 5.3 ka). S1 tephra glass is chemically similar to that of Dikkartın fall-out, but also indistinguishable from that of Perikartın fall-out. Karagüllü pumice is characterized by a distinct glass chemical composition, which correlates with that of unnamed cryptotephra reported for the southeastern Black Sea instead, where these results call for a re-evaluation of existing age models. Maximum lithic clast size isopleths for proximal Dikkartın fall-out indicate eastward dispersal of a 20 ± 5 km high eruption plume by stratospheric winds, in agreement with results of probabilistic tephra dispersal modeling. This azimuth contrasts with the known distribution of S1 tephra at distal locations that are all south of Mt. Erciyes. Significant tephra occurrences at up to 1300 km distance and orthogonal to prevalent stratospheric wind directions either result from very atypical wind conditions (probability ≪10 %), or are caused by tephra transport by prevailing low altitude winds. Two scenarios are proposed for low altitude transport: eolian reworking of primary fall-out (more likely from the more widespread Dikkartın deposits), or co-ignimbrite ash cloud dispersal (more likely from the Perikartın eruption which predominantly produced pyroclastic flows). Because S1 tephra is chemically indistinguishable from both Dikkartın and Perikartın by major and trace element glass compositions, its exact source and dispersal mechanism remain ambiguous, although existing 14C ages for Perikartın predating those for S1 tephra favor Dikkartın as its source. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
英文关键词	(U–Th)/He; Archaeology; Central Anatolian Volcanic Province (CAVP); Middle East; Paleoclimatology; Quaternary; Tephrochronology; U–Th series; Volcanology; Zircon double-dating
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Climatology; Deposits; Domes; Glass; Silicate minerals; Trace elements; Zircon; Chemical compositions; Climate variability; Eastern Mediterranean; Major and trace elements; Probabilistic modeling; Pyroclastic flow deposits; Stratospheric winds; Tephra dispersal models; Zircon deposits; archaeology; dispersal; explosive volcanism; Holocene; Neolithic; pyroclastic flow; reworking; sapropel; sapropelite; tephra; volcanic eruption; wind field; Anatolia; Black Sea; Kayseri; Mount Erciyes; Turkey
来源期刊	Quaternary Science Reviews
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/151258
作者单位	Institute of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234-236, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany; GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstraße 1-3, Kiel, 24148, Germany; John de Laeter Centre, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore; Department of Geology, General Directorate of MTA, Dumlupınar Bulvarı No: 139, Ankara, 06800, Turkey; Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nangang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan; School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queens Road, Clifton, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Friedrichs B.,Schindlbeck-Belo J.C.,Danišík M.,et al. New insights into source and dispersal of Mediterranean S1 tephra; an early Holocene marker horizon erupted at Mt. Erciyes (Turkey)[J],2020,249.
APA	Friedrichs B..,Schindlbeck-Belo J.C..,Danišík M..,Jenkins S.F..,Yurteri E..,...&Sparks R.S.J..(2020).New insights into source and dispersal of Mediterranean S1 tephra; an early Holocene marker horizon erupted at Mt. Erciyes (Turkey).Quaternary Science Reviews,249.
MLA	Friedrichs B.,et al."New insights into source and dispersal of Mediterranean S1 tephra; an early Holocene marker horizon erupted at Mt. Erciyes (Turkey)".Quaternary Science Reviews 249(2020).