气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Microplastic particles in the Persian/Arabian Gulf

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DOI	10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111100
	Microplastic particles in the Persian/Arabian Gulf – A review on sampling and identification
	Uddin S.; Fowler S.W.; Saeed T.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0025326X
卷号	154
英文摘要	Microplastics are ubiquitous, persistent pollutants that are reported in abundance within the marine environment. Their presence in seawater and marine sediments poses a legitimate environmental and ecological concern for toxicity and food chain transfer via marine organisms. Their capability for sorption of other hydrophobic contaminants and the inability of the wastewater treatment plants to completely remove them pose additional risks. This review highlights the methodologies for sampling, sample preparation, and identification used in the Persian/Arabian Gulf region, which is possibly one of the least studied marginal seas with only sixteen papers published on microplastics. The review highlights the several orders of magnitude variations in microplastic concentrations among different studies; e.g. in seawater, only 12 microplastic particles were reported from 40 transects of one km length in Kuwait to 0.71 microplastics m−3 in Qatar. Concentrations in beach sediments also show the significant difference between the northern and southern Gulf coasts, with 13 particles in 24 samples reported in Qatar, and 15 particles within 44 samples across Kuwait, to 3252 ± 2766 particles m−2 from Bandar Abbas, Iran. The biota samples also show similar variances, with only three particles identified from 87 gut samples in Kuwait to 828 particles in 58 samples that include 46 fish and 12 shrimps from Iran. Some extremely high concentrations in biota are also reported from Iran, with concentrations as high as 0.251 particles g−1 of muscle and 0.931 particles g−1 in gills. It is evident that there is no consensus in the Gulf region on the sampling techniques (mesh size of plankton nets and sieves), use of fluidization solutions and very different units used in data reporting such as particles m−3 and particles m−2 in water samples. In sediments units like particles g−1 and particles m−2 have been used, and for biota it is the number of particles present in the sample, while others have quantified data as particles g−1 of tissue. Considering the higher densities of PET, PVC, nylon and polyester than seawater, they are likely to migrate downwards into marine sediments, a transfer process that has not been studied in detail. Thus the review underscores the need to adopt harmonized protocols for microplastic studies in the region, and identifies certain aspects of microplastics that require further study. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
英文关键词	Biota; Microplastics; Nylon; PET; Seawater; Sediments
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Fluidization; Marine biology; Marine pollution; Polyamides; Polyethylene terephthalates; Rayon; Seawater; Sediments; Sewage treatment plants; Submarine geology; Wastewater treatment; Biota; Harmonized Protocol; Hydrophobic contaminants; Microplastic particles; Microplastics; Nylon; Orders of magnitude; Wastewater treatment plants; Microplastic; microplastic; nylon; polyester; polyethylene terephthalate; polyvinylchloride; sea water; plastic; biota; marine pollution; marine sediment; plastic waste; pollutant; polymer; seawater; biota; chemical analysis; concentration (parameter); fish; fluidization; Iran; Kuwait; methodology; nonhuman; Persian Gulf; plankton; Qatar; Review; sediment; shrimp; water sampling; animal; environmental monitoring; Indian Ocean; water pollutant; Arabian Sea; Bandar Abbas; Hormozgan; Indian Ocean; Iran; Kuwait [Middle East]; Persian Gulf; Animals; Environmental Monitoring; Geologic Sediments; Indian Ocean; Iran; Kuwait; Microplastics; Plastics; Qatar; Water Pollutants, Chemical
来源期刊	Marine Pollution Bulletin
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/149040
作者单位	Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait; School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Uddin S.,Fowler S.W.,Saeed T.. Microplastic particles in the Persian/Arabian Gulf – A review on sampling and identification[J],2020,154.
APA	Uddin S.,Fowler S.W.,&Saeed T..(2020).Microplastic particles in the Persian/Arabian Gulf – A review on sampling and identification.Marine Pollution Bulletin,154.
MLA	Uddin S.,et al."Microplastic particles in the Persian/Arabian Gulf – A review on sampling and identification".Marine Pollution Bulletin 154(2020).