气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Recovery of an urbanised estuary: Clean-up; de-industrialisation and restoration of redundant dock-basins in the Mersey

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DOI	10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111150
	Recovery of an urbanised estuary: Clean-up; de-industrialisation and restoration of redundant dock-basins in the Mersey
	Hawkins S.J.; O'Shaughnessy K.A.; Adams L.A.; Langston W.J.; Bray S.; Allen J.R.; Wilkinson S.; Bohn K.; Mieszkowska N.; Firth L.B.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0025326X
卷号	156
英文摘要	For much of the 20th century, the Mersey in North West England was one of the worst polluted estuaries in Europe. Water from a range of polluting industries plus domestic sewage was discharged into the Mersey Catchment and Estuary. Recovery came through a concerted clean-up campaign and tightening environmental regulations, partly driven by European Commission Directives, coupled with de-industrialisation from the 1970s onward. Recovery of oxygen levels in the Estuary led to the return of a productive ecosystem. This led to conservation designations, but also concerns about transfer of pollutants to higher trophic levels in fish, birds and humans. As part of urban renewal, ecosystems in disused dock basins were restored using mussel biofiltration and artificial de-stratification, facilitating commercial redevelopment and creation of a tourist destination. The degradation and recovery of the Mersey from peak-pollution in the mid-20th century is put in the context of wider environmental change and briefly compared to other systems to develop a hysteresis model of degradation and recovery, often to novel ecosystems. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
英文关键词	Biodiversity; Conservation; Contamination; Disused docks; Liverpool; Pollution
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Catchments; Docks; Environmental regulations; Estuaries; Hydraulic structures; Hysteresis; Pollution; Recovery; Restoration; Sewage; Water treatment; De-stratification; Domestic sewage; Environmental change; European Commission; Hysteresis modeling; Industrialisation; Novel ecosystems; Tourist destinations; Ecosystems; oxygen; environmental change; habitat restoration; marine pollution; redevelopment; restoration ecology; stratification; trophic level; twentieth century; Article; biofiltration; bioremediation; bird; domestic waste; ecosystem restoration; England; environmental change; environmental protection; estuary; fish; human; industrialization; mussel; nonhuman; pollution transport; sea pollution; sewage; trophic level; urban area; urbanization; animal; ecosystem; environmental monitoring; Europe; water pollutant; England; Mersey Basin; United Kingdom; Aves; Rumex; Animals; Ecosystem; England; Environmental Monitoring; Estuaries; Europe; Humans; Sewage; Water Pollutants, Chemical
来源期刊	Marine Pollution Bulletin
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/148872
作者单位	Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, SO17 3ZH, United Kingdom; The Marine Biological Association of the UK, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, United Kingdom; School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom; Department of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom; School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences Building 85SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom; AQASS Ltd Unit 16, Sidings Industrial Estate, Netley Abbey, Southampton, SO31 5QA, United Kingdom; Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough, PE1 1JY, United Kingdom; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom; Natural England, Nottingham, NG2 4LA, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hawkins S.J.,O'Shaughnessy K.A.,Adams L.A.,et al. Recovery of an urbanised estuary: Clean-up; de-industrialisation and restoration of redundant dock-basins in the Mersey[J],2020,156.
APA	Hawkins S.J..,O'Shaughnessy K.A..,Adams L.A..,Langston W.J..,Bray S..,...&Firth L.B..(2020).Recovery of an urbanised estuary: Clean-up; de-industrialisation and restoration of redundant dock-basins in the Mersey.Marine Pollution Bulletin,156.
MLA	Hawkins S.J.,et al."Recovery of an urbanised estuary: Clean-up; de-industrialisation and restoration of redundant dock-basins in the Mersey".Marine Pollution Bulletin 156(2020).