气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): An equity analysis of clean vehicle rebate programs in California

CCPortal

DOI	10.1007/s10584-020-02836-w
	An equity analysis of clean vehicle rebate programs in California
	Ju Y.; Cushing L.J.; Morello-Frosch R.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0165-0009
起始页码	2087
结束页码	2105
卷号	162 期号:4
英文摘要	Rebates incentivize clean vehicle adoption but may raise equity concerns because upfront capital is required for vehicle acquisition, limiting access for low-income households. Since poorer communities typically experience worse air quality than their wealthier counterparts, rebates also may not incentivize clean vehicle acquisitions in more polluted areas where air quality benefits would be greater. We analyzed whether equity-promoting policy design elements changed the associations between rebate allocation rates and census tract characteristics including community disadvantage, household income, education, race and ethnicity, and ambient air pollution in two California rebate programs. We found that the Clean Vehicle Rebate Project issued more rebates per household to advantaged, higher-income, better-educated communities with more White residents and intermediate levels of ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2). An income cap and income-tiered rebate amount introduced part way through the program improved distributional equity, but fewer rebates were still issued to lower income, less-educated census tracts with higher percentages of Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black residents. Furthermore, these policy design elements reduced the overall number of rebates that were distributed. In the Enhanced Fleet Modernization Program, which incorporates additional equity-related design elements, rebate allocation rates were positively associated with community disadvantage, lower income and education, and a higher proportion of Hispanics, and were the highest in areas with slightly higher NO2 levels. These findings indicate that design elements such as an income cap, income-tiered rebate amounts, expanded vehicle eligibility, and increased benefit eligibility in disadvantaged communities, can facilitate distribution of rebates to more socioeconomically diverse populations with higher air pollution burdens. © 2020, Springer Nature B.V.
英文关键词	California; Clean vehicle rebate; Policy intervention; Social equity
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Air quality; Design; Economic and social effects; Nitrogen oxides; Surveys; Ambient air pollution; Ambient nitrogen dioxide; Design elements; Equity analysis; Household income; Intermediate level; Modernization programs; Rebate program; Vehicles; air quality; ambient air; atmospheric pollution; census; economic policy; environmental economics; equity; income distribution; nitrogen dioxide; socioeconomic status; California; United States
来源期刊	Climatic Change
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/147009
作者单位	Institute of Urban and Regional Development, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ju Y.,Cushing L.J.,Morello-Frosch R.. An equity analysis of clean vehicle rebate programs in California[J],2020,162(4).
APA	Ju Y.,Cushing L.J.,&Morello-Frosch R..(2020).An equity analysis of clean vehicle rebate programs in California.Climatic Change,162(4).
MLA	Ju Y.,et al."An equity analysis of clean vehicle rebate programs in California".Climatic Change 162.4(2020).