气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Coupled climate-carbon cycle simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum atmospheric CO2 decrease using a large ensemble of modern plausible parameter sets

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DOI	10.5194/cp-15-1039-2019
	Coupled climate-carbon cycle simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum atmospheric CO2 decrease using a large ensemble of modern plausible parameter sets
	Kemppinen K.M.S.; Holden P.B.; Edwards N.R.; Ridgwell A.; Friend A.D.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	18149324
起始页码	1039
结束页码	1062
卷号	15 期号:3
英文摘要	During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), atmospheric CO2 was around 90 ppmv lower than during the pre-industrial period. The reasons for this decrease are most often elucidated through factorial experiments testing the impact of individual mechanisms. Due to uncertainty in our understanding of the real system, however, the different models used to conduct the experiments inevitably take on different parameter values and different structures. In this paper, the objective is therefore to take an uncertainty-based approach to investigating the LGM CO2 drop by simulating it with a large ensemble of parameter sets, designed to allow for a wide range of large-scale feedback response strengths. Our aim is not to definitely explain the causes of the CO2 drop but rather explore the range of possible responses. We find that the LGM CO2 decrease tends to predominantly be associated with decreasing sea surface temperatures (SSTs), increasing sea ice area, a weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), a strengthening of the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) cell in the Atlantic Ocean, a decreasing ocean biological productivity, an increasing CaCO3 weathering flux and an increasing deep-sea CaCO3 burial flux. The majority of our simulations also predict an increase in terrestrial carbon, coupled with a decrease in ocean and increase in lithospheric carbon. We attribute the increase in terrestrial carbon to a slower soil respiration rate, as well as the preservation rather than destruction of carbon by the LGM ice sheets. An initial comparison of these dominant changes with observations and paleoproxies other than carbon isotope and oxygen data (not evaluated directly in this study) suggests broad agreement. However, we advise more detailed comparisons in the future, and also note that, conceptually at least, our results can only be reconciled with carbon isotope and oxygen data if additional processes not included in our model are brought into play. © 2019 Author(s).
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Antarctic Bottom Water; calcium carbonate; carbon dioxide; carbon isotope; ice sheet; Last Glacial Maximum; meridional circulation; paleoceanography; parameter estimation; proxy climate record; sea ice; sea surface temperature; soil respiration; Atlantic Ocean
来源期刊	Climate of the Past
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/146811
作者单位	Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, United Kingdom; Environment Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, United Kingdom; School of Geographical Sciences, Bristol University, Bristol, BS8 1SS, United Kingdom; Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kemppinen K.M.S.,Holden P.B.,Edwards N.R.,et al. Coupled climate-carbon cycle simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum atmospheric CO2 decrease using a large ensemble of modern plausible parameter sets[J],2019,15(3).
APA	Kemppinen K.M.S.,Holden P.B.,Edwards N.R.,Ridgwell A.,&Friend A.D..(2019).Coupled climate-carbon cycle simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum atmospheric CO2 decrease using a large ensemble of modern plausible parameter sets.Climate of the Past,15(3).
MLA	Kemppinen K.M.S.,et al."Coupled climate-carbon cycle simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum atmospheric CO2 decrease using a large ensemble of modern plausible parameter sets".Climate of the Past 15.3(2019).