气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Inter-hemispheric differences in energy budgets and cross-equatorial transport anomalies during the 20th century

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DOI	10.1007/s00382-018-4572-x
	Inter-hemispheric differences in energy budgets and cross-equatorial transport anomalies during the 20th century
	Lembo V.; Folini D.; Wild M.; Lionello P.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0930-7575
起始页码	115
结束页码	135
卷号	53 期号:2020-01-02
英文摘要	We analyze the evolution of inter-hemispheric asymmetries in the energy budgets (EBs) and near-surface temperature anomalies during the 20th century, as given in Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project, phase 5 (CMIP5) simulations. We also consider the cross-equatorial energy transports (CET) in the atmosphere and in the oceans, in order to evidence how EB asymmetries affect the redistribution of energy between the two hemispheres. Two different experimental settings have been considered, one including only the spatially homogeneous evolving greenhouse gas forcing (GHG), and another one a realistic superposition of all known evolving forcings (ALL), such as aerosols and volcanic eruptions. This study shows that, according to the CMIP5 models, the response of the climate system to the ongoing forcing during the 20th century has differed substantially from what would have resulted from an increase in GHG concentration alone. In the GHG ensemble the Northern Hemisphere (NH) warms more than the Southern Hemisphere (SH), while both hemispheres exhibit similar and positive EB anomalies at the TOA, mainly due to increasing shortwave absorption and with no significant variations of cross-equatorial energy transports. On the contrary, in the ALL ensemble the two hemispheres warm similarly, while the SH exhibits a positive EB anomaly twice as large as in the NH, due to a reduced LW emission (Outgoing Longwave Radiation, OLR) in the SH, with oceanic CET anomalies directed towards the NH. The EB asymmetry in ALL is ascribed to the asymmetry in OLR changes, which is explained by the different role of clouds in the two hemispheres. The ocean heat content (OHC) tendency per unit surface area is similar in the two hemispheres, so that the asymmetries in ALL EB determine CET changes. We evidence that CET changes in the ALL ensemble are associated with the inter-hemispheric asymmetry in the aerosol forcing, which is stronger in the NH than in the SH. We find no significant relation between CETs and inter-hemispheric near-surface temperature asymmetries in GHG, partly due to the large model spread. Generally, deficits in modeled CET for present-day conditions are not ascribed to forcings and feedbacks, rather they are intrinsic to the models. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
英文关键词	CMIP5 historical simulations; Cross-equatorial heat transports; GHG forcing; Global energy budget
语种	英语
scopus关键词	aerosol; air-sea interaction; CMIP; energy budget; greenhouse gas; heat flux; Northern Hemisphere; Southern Hemisphere; surface temperature; temperature anomaly; twentieth century
来源期刊	Climate Dynamics
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/146203
作者单位	Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Universitá del Salento, via per Monteroni, 165, plesso M, Lecce, 73100, Italy; Meteorological Institute, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Grindelberg 7, Hamburg, 20144, Germany; Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich Universitätstrasse 16, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lembo V.,Folini D.,Wild M.,et al. Inter-hemispheric differences in energy budgets and cross-equatorial transport anomalies during the 20th century[J],2019,53(2020-01-02).
APA	Lembo V.,Folini D.,Wild M.,&Lionello P..(2019).Inter-hemispheric differences in energy budgets and cross-equatorial transport anomalies during the 20th century.Climate Dynamics,53(2020-01-02).
MLA	Lembo V.,et al."Inter-hemispheric differences in energy budgets and cross-equatorial transport anomalies during the 20th century".Climate Dynamics 53.2020-01-02(2019).