气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Role of wind stress in driving SST biases in the Tropical Atlantic

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DOI	10.1007/s00382-019-04717-0
	Role of wind stress in driving SST biases in the Tropical Atlantic
	Voldoire A.; Exarchou E.; Sanchez-Gomez E.; Demissie T.; Deppenmeier A.-L.; Frauen C.; Goubanova K.; Hazeleger W.; Keenlyside N.; Koseki S.; Prodhomme C.; Shonk J.; Toniazzo T.; Traoré A.-K.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0930-7575
起始页码	3481
结束页码	3504
卷号	53 期号:2020-05-06
英文摘要	Coupled climate models used for long-term future climate projections and seasonal or decadal predictions share a systematic and persistent warm sea surface temperature (SST) bias in the tropical Atlantic. This study attempts to better understand the physical mechanisms responsible for the development of systematic biases in the tropical Atlantic using the so-called Transpose-CMIP protocol in a multi-model context. Six global climate models have been used to perform seasonal forecasts starting both in May and February over the period 2000–2009. In all models, the growth of SST biases is rapid. Significant biases are seen in the first month of forecast and, by 6 months, the root-mean-square SST bias is 80% of the climatological bias. These control experiments show that the equatorial warm SST bias is not driven by surface heat flux biases in all models, whereas in the south-eastern Atlantic the solar heat flux could explain the setup of an initial warm bias in the first few days. A set of sensitivity experiments with prescribed wind stress confirm the leading role of wind stress biases in driving the equatorial SST bias, even if the amplitude of the SST bias is model dependent. A reduced SST bias leads to a reduced precipitation bias locally, but there is no robust remote effect on West African Monsoon rainfall. Over the south-eastern part of the basin, local wind biases tend to have an impact on the local SST bias (except in the high resolution model). However, there is also a non-local effect of equatorial wind correction in two models. This can be explained by sub-surface advection of water from the equator, which is colder when the bias in equatorial wind stress is corrected. In terms of variability, it is also shown that improving the mean state in the equatorial Atlantic leads to a beneficial intensification of the Bjerknes feedback loop. In conclusion, we show a robust effect of wind stress biases on tropical mean climate and variability in multiple climate models. © 2019, The Author(s).
语种	英语
scopus关键词	climate feedback; climate modeling; climate prediction; climate variation; CMIP; sea surface temperature; weather forecasting; wind stress; Atlantic Ocean; Atlantic Ocean (East); Atlantic Ocean (Tropical)
来源期刊	Climate Dynamics
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/146026
作者单位	Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (CNRM), Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, France; Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Earth Sciences, Barcelona, Spain; CECI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR5318, Cerfacs, Toulouse, France; Uni Research Climate, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway; Wageningen University, Meteorology and Air Quality Department, Wageningen, Netherlands; Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway; National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom; Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/IPSL/UPMC Univ Paris 06/Sorbonne Universités/CNRS, Paris, France; IOW, Rostock, Germany; Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), La Serena, Chile; Netherlands eScience Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), R&D Weather and Climate Models, De Bilt, Netherlands
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Voldoire A.,Exarchou E.,Sanchez-Gomez E.,et al. Role of wind stress in driving SST biases in the Tropical Atlantic[J],2019,53(2020-05-06).
APA	Voldoire A..,Exarchou E..,Sanchez-Gomez E..,Demissie T..,Deppenmeier A.-L..,...&Traoré A.-K..(2019).Role of wind stress in driving SST biases in the Tropical Atlantic.Climate Dynamics,53(2020-05-06).
MLA	Voldoire A.,et al."Role of wind stress in driving SST biases in the Tropical Atlantic".Climate Dynamics 53.2020-05-06(2019).