气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The diurnal variability of precipitable water vapor derived from GPS tropospheric path delays over the Eastern Mediterranean

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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105307
	The diurnal variability of precipitable water vapor derived from GPS tropospheric path delays over the Eastern Mediterranean
	Ziskin Ziv S.; Yair Y.; Alpert P.; Uzan L.; Reuveni Y.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0169-8095
卷号	249
英文摘要	The study of the diurnal variations of the total water vapor amount in an atmospheric column, also known as Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) or Integrated Water Vapor (IWV), is highly significant in meteorology and climatology studies, yet very limited due to insufficient spatial and temporal in situ measurements. Nowadays, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ground receivers are used along with retrieval techniques in order to conduct high sample rate PWV estimations. Here, we present the annual and seasonal PWV diurnal cycles extracted from the Survey Of Israel Active Permanent Network (SOI-APN) GNSS receivers in the Eastern Mediterranean region. The data period spans from 5 to 21 years, ensuring its suitability for studying the PWV annual and seasonal mean diurnal variations. We particularly focus on the summer months (JJA), where the Mediterranean Sea Breeze (MSB) plays a dominant role in transporting humidity inland. For most stations, the diurnal amplitude in summer is the highest compared to the seasonal mean (4%–21%), followed by spring, autumn and winter (2%–4%). The PWV in the coastal stations peaks at 6–7 UTC while the northernmost highland station peaks at 8 UTC and the southernmost at 14 UTC indicating frontal MSB propagation from the coastline eastward inland combined with northern winds enhancement due to Coriolis force. Moreover, for most stations, the PWV peak hour is correlated with the distance from the Mediterranean Sea shore, substantiating the MSB's role as a key driver of the PWV diurnal variability during summer months. The PWV minimum values in the coastal stations occurs between 14 UTC and 19 UTC while in the highland stations it varies from 17 to 00 UTC. The coastal stations' PWV amplitude, compared to the daily mean, is around 1 mm while the highland stations amplitude is 2–3 mm. In addition, a strong correlation between the PWV diurnal cycle and the atmospheric Mixing Layer Height (MLH) diurnal variations is found using ceilometer data, suggesting that the MLH modulates the PWV, however this conclusion requires further research. Finally, using harmonic analysis with the PWV diurnal variations in summer, reveals that the diurnal and the semidiurnal modes account for ~95% of the sub-daily variance in 19 out of 21 GNSS stations © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Diurnal variations; GPS tropospheric path delays; Mediterranean Sea Breeze (MSB); Mixing Layer Height (MLH); Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV)
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Atmospheric humidity; Coastal engineering; Global positioning system; Meteorological instruments; Atmospheric columns; Diurnal variability; Eastern Mediterranean; Global Navigation Satellite Systems; In-situ measurement; Integrated water vapors; Precipitable water vapor; Retrieval techniques; Water vapor; diurnal variation; GNSS; GPS; precipitable water; sea breeze; seasonal variation; troposphere; water vapor; Mediterranean Region
来源期刊	Atmospheric Research
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/145223
作者单位	Department of Physics, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel; Eastern R&D center, Ariel, Israel; School of Sustainability, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Israel; Department of Geophysics, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; The Israeli Meteorological Service, Bet-Dagan, Israel
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ziskin Ziv S.,Yair Y.,Alpert P.,et al. The diurnal variability of precipitable water vapor derived from GPS tropospheric path delays over the Eastern Mediterranean[J],2021,249.
APA	Ziskin Ziv S.,Yair Y.,Alpert P.,Uzan L.,&Reuveni Y..(2021).The diurnal variability of precipitable water vapor derived from GPS tropospheric path delays over the Eastern Mediterranean.Atmospheric Research,249.
MLA	Ziskin Ziv S.,et al."The diurnal variability of precipitable water vapor derived from GPS tropospheric path delays over the Eastern Mediterranean".Atmospheric Research 249(2021).