气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Satellite-derived emissions of carbon monoxide; ammonia; and nitrogen dioxide from the 2016 Horse River wildfire in the Fort McMurray area

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DOI	10.5194/acp-19-2577-2019
	Satellite-derived emissions of carbon monoxide; ammonia; and nitrogen dioxide from the 2016 Horse River wildfire in the Fort McMurray area
	Adams C.; McLinden C.A.; Shephard M.W.; Dickson N.; Dammers E.; Chen J.; Makar P.; Cady-Pereira K.E.; Tam N.; Kharol S.K.; Lamsal L.N.; Krotkov N.A.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	16807316
起始页码	2577
结束页码	2599
卷号	19 期号:4
英文摘要	In May 2016, the Horse River wildfire led to the evacuation of 88 000 people from Fort McMurray and surrounding areas and consumed 590 000 ha of land in Northern Alberta and Saskatchewan.Within the plume, satellite instruments measured elevated values of CO, NH3, and NO2. CO was measured by two Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometers (IASI-A and IASI-B), NH3 by IASI-A, IASIB, and the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS), and NO2 by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). Daily emission rates were calculated from the satellite measurements using fire hotspot information from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and wind information from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA5 reanalysis, combined with assumptions on lifetimes and the altitude range of the plume. Sensitivity tests were performed and it was found that uncertainties of emission estimates are more sensitive to the plume shape for CO and to the lifetime for NH3 and NOx . The satellite-derived emission rates were 50-300 kt d1 for CO, 1-7 kt d1 for NH3, and 0.5-2 kt d1 for NOx (expressed as NO) during the most active fire periods. The daily satellite-derived emission estimates were found to correlate fairly well (R 0:4-0.7) with daily output from the ECMWF Global Fire Assimilation System (GFAS) and the Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) FireWork models, with agreement within a factor of 2 for most comparisons. Emission ratios of NH3=CO, NOx=CO, and NOx=NH3 were calculated and compared against enhancement ratios of surface concentrations measured at permanent surface air monitoring stations and by the Alberta Environment and Parks Mobile Air Monitoring Laboratory (MAML). For NH3=CO, the satellite emission ratios of 0.02 are within a factor of 2 of the model emission ratios and surface enhancement ratios. For NOx=CO satellite-measured emission ratios of 0:01 are lower than the modelled emission ratios of 0.033 for GFAS and 0.014 for FireWork, but are larger than the surface enhancement ratios of 0:003, which may have been affected by the short lifetime of NOx . Total emissions from the Horse River fire for May 2016 were calculated and compared against total annual anthropogenic emissions for the province of Alberta in 2016 from the ECCC Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory (APEI). Satellite-measured emissions of CO are 1500 kt for the Horse River fire and exceed the total annual Alberta anthropogenic CO emissions of 992.6 kt for 2016. The satellite-measured emissions during the Horse River fire of 30 kt of NH3 and 7 kt of NOx (expressed as NO) are approximately 20% and 1% of the magnitude of total annual Alberta anthropogenic emissions, respectively. © 2019. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	ammonia; atmospheric pollution; carbon monoxide; emission inventory; IASI; MODIS; nitrogen dioxide; satellite data; wildfire; Alberta; Canada; Fort McMurray; Equidae
来源期刊	Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/144611
作者单位	Environmental Monitoring and Science Division, Government of Alberta, Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Air Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Downsview, ON, Canada; Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Lexington, MA, United States; Goddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research, Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD, United States; Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamic Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Adams C.,McLinden C.A.,Shephard M.W.,et al. Satellite-derived emissions of carbon monoxide; ammonia; and nitrogen dioxide from the 2016 Horse River wildfire in the Fort McMurray area[J],2019,19(4).
APA	Adams C..,McLinden C.A..,Shephard M.W..,Dickson N..,Dammers E..,...&Krotkov N.A..(2019).Satellite-derived emissions of carbon monoxide; ammonia; and nitrogen dioxide from the 2016 Horse River wildfire in the Fort McMurray area.Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,19(4).
MLA	Adams C.,et al."Satellite-derived emissions of carbon monoxide; ammonia; and nitrogen dioxide from the 2016 Horse River wildfire in the Fort McMurray area".Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19.4(2019).