气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Ozone and carbon monoxide observations over open oceans on R/V Mirai from 67°S to 75°N during 2012 to 2017: Testing global chemical reanalysis in terms of Arctic processes; low ozone levels at low latitudes; and pollution transport

CCPortal

DOI	10.5194/acp-19-7233-2019
	Ozone and carbon monoxide observations over open oceans on R/V Mirai from 67°S to 75°N during 2012 to 2017: Testing global chemical reanalysis in terms of Arctic processes; low ozone levels at low latitudes; and pollution transport
	Kanaya Y.; Miyazaki K.; Taketani F.; Miyakawa T.; Takashima H.; Komazaki Y.; Pan X.; Kato S.; Sudo K.; Sekiya T.; Inoue J.; Sato K.; Oshima K.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	16807316
起始页码	7233
结束页码	7254
卷号	19 期号:11
英文摘要	Constraints from ozone (O3) observations over oceans are needed in addition to those from terrestrial regions to fully understand global tropospheric chemistry and its impact on the climate. Here, we provide a large data set of ozone and carbon monoxide (CO) levels observed (for 11666 and 10681h, respectively) over oceans. The data set is derived from observations made during 24 research cruise legs of R/V Mirai during 2012 to 2017, in the Southern, Indian, Pacific, and Arctic oceans, covering the region from 67°S to 75°N. The data are suitable for critical evaluation of the over-ocean distribution of ozone derived from global atmospheric chemistry models. We first give an overview of the statistics in the data set and highlight key features in terms of geographical distribution and air mass type. We then use the data set to evaluate ozone mixing ratio fields from the tropospheric chemistry reanalysis version 2 (TCR-2), produced by assimilating a suite of satellite observations of multiple species into a global atmospheric chemistry model, namely CHASER. For long-range transport of polluted air masses from continents to the oceans, during which the effects of forest fires and fossil fuel combustion were recognized, TCR-2 gave an excellent performance in reproducing the observed temporal variations and photochemical buildup of O3 when assessed from ΔO3/ΔCO ratios. For clean marine conditions with low and stable CO mixing ratios, two focused analyses were performed. The first was in the Arctic (>70°N) in September every year from 2013 to 2016; TCR-2 underpredicted O3 levels by 6.7ppbv (21%) on average. The observed vertical profiles from O3 soundings from R/V Mirai during September 2014 had less steep vertical gradients at low altitudes (>850hPa) than those obtained by TCR-2. This suggests the possibility of a more efficient descent of the O3-rich air from above than assumed in the models. For TCR-2 (CHASER), dry deposition on the Arctic ocean surface might also have been overestimated. In the second analysis, over the western Pacific equatorial region (125-165°E, 10°S to 25°N), the observed O3 level more frequently decreased to less than 10ppbv in comparison to that obtained with TCR-2 and also those obtained in most of the Atmospheric Chemistry Climate Model Intercomparison Project (ACCMIP) model runs for the decade from 2000. These results imply loss processes that are unaccounted for in the models. We found that the model's positive bias positively correlated with the daytime residence times of air masses over a particular grid, namely 165-180°E and 15-30°N; an additional loss rate of 0.25ppbvh-1 in the grid best explained the gap. Halogen chemistry, which is commonly omitted from currently used models, might be active in this region and could have contributed to additional losses. Our open data set covering wide ocean regions is complementary to the Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report data set, which basically comprises ground-based observations and enables a fully global study of the behavior of O3. © Author(s) 2019.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	atmospheric chemistry; carbon monoxide; chemical analysis; concentration (composition); open ocean; ozone; pollutant transport; seasonal variation; Arctic
来源期刊	Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/144370
作者单位	Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokohama, 2360001, Japan; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, United States; Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 8140133, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 4648601, Japan; Arctic Environment Research Center, National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, 1908518, Japan; School of Earth, Energy and Environmental Engineering, Kitami Institute of Technology, Kitami, 0908507, Japan; Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Radioecology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Rokkasho, 0393212, Japan
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kanaya Y.,Miyazaki K.,Taketani F.,et al. Ozone and carbon monoxide observations over open oceans on R/V Mirai from 67°S to 75°N during 2012 to 2017: Testing global chemical reanalysis in terms of Arctic processes; low ozone levels at low latitudes; and pollution transport[J],2019,19(11).
APA	Kanaya Y..,Miyazaki K..,Taketani F..,Miyakawa T..,Takashima H..,...&Oshima K..(2019).Ozone and carbon monoxide observations over open oceans on R/V Mirai from 67°S to 75°N during 2012 to 2017: Testing global chemical reanalysis in terms of Arctic processes; low ozone levels at low latitudes; and pollution transport.Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,19(11).
MLA	Kanaya Y.,et al."Ozone and carbon monoxide observations over open oceans on R/V Mirai from 67°S to 75°N during 2012 to 2017: Testing global chemical reanalysis in terms of Arctic processes; low ozone levels at low latitudes; and pollution transport".Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19.11(2019).