气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Quantifying snow darkening and atmospheric radiative effects of black carbon and dust on the South Asian monsoon and hydrological cycle: Experiments using variable-resolution CESM

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DOI	10.5194/acp-19-12025-2019
	Quantifying snow darkening and atmospheric radiative effects of black carbon and dust on the South Asian monsoon and hydrological cycle: Experiments using variable-resolution CESM
	Rahimi S.; Liu X.; Wu C.; Lau K.W.; Brown H.; Wu M.; Qian Y.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	16807316
起始页码	12025
结束页码	12049
卷号	19 期号:18
英文摘要	Black carbon (BC) and dust impart significant effects on the South Asian monsoon (SAM), which is responsible for ~80 % of the region's annual precipitation. This study implements a variable-resolution (VR) version of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) to quantify two radiative effects of absorbing BC and dust on the SAM. Specifically, this study focuses on the snow darkening effect (SDE), as well as how these aerosols interact with incoming and outgoing radiation to facilitate an atmospheric response (i.e., aerosol-radiationBlack carbon (BC) and dust impart significant effects on the South Asian monsoon (SAM), which is responsible for ~80 % of the region's annual precipitation. This study implements a variable-resolution (VR) version of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) to quantify two radiative effects of absorbing BC and dust on the SAM. Specifically, this study focuses on the snow darkening effect (SDE), as well as how these aerosols interact with incoming and outgoing radiation to facilitate an atmospheric response (i.e., aerosol-radiation interactions, ARIs). By running sensitivity experiments, the individual effects of SDE and ARI are quantified, and a theoretical framework is applied to assess these aerosols' impacts on the SAM. It is found that ARIs of absorbing aerosols warm the atmospheric column in a belt coincident with the May-June averaged location of the subtropical jet, bringing forth anomalous uppertropospheric (lower-tropospheric) anticyclogenesis (cyclogenesis) and divergence (convergence). This anomalous arrangement in the mass fields brings forth enhanced rising vertical motion across South Asia and a stronger westerly low-level jet, the latter of which furnishes the Indian subcontinent with enhanced Arabian Gulf moisture. Precipitation increases of 2mmd-1 or more (a 60% increase in June) result across much of northern India from May through August, with larger anomalies (C5 to C10mmd-1) in the western Indian mountains and southern Tibetan Plateau (TP) mountain ranges due to orographic and anabatic enhancement. Across the Tibetan Plateau foothills, SDE by BC aerosols drives large precipitation anomalies of > 6mmd-1 (a 21 %-26% increase in May and June), comparable to ARI of absorbing aerosols from April through August. Runoff changes accompany BC SDE-induced snow changes across Tibet, while runoff changes across India result predominantly from dust ARI. Finally, there are large differences in the simulated SDE between the VR and traditional 1° simulations, the latter of which simulates a much stronger SDE and more effectively modifies the regional circulation. interactions, ARIs). By running sensitivity experiments, the individual effects of SDE and ARI are quantified, and a theoretical framework is applied to assess these aerosols' impacts on the SAM. It is found that ARIs of absorbing aerosols warm the atmospheric column in a belt coincident with the May-June averaged location of the subtropical jet, bringing forth anomalous uppertropospheric (lower-tropospheric) anticyclogenesis (cyclogenesis) and divergence (convergence). This anomalous arrangement in the mass fields brings forth enhanced rising vertical motion across South Asia and a stronger westerly low-level jet, the latter of which furnishes the Indian subcontinent with enhanced Arabian Gulf moisture. Precipitation increases of 2mmd-1 or more (a 60% increase in June) result across much of northern India from May through August, with larger anomalies (C5 to C10mmd-1) in the western Indian mountains and southern Tibetan Plateau (TP) mountain ranges due to orographic and anabatic enhancement. Across the Tibetan Plateau foothills, SDE by BC aerosols drives large precipitation anomalies of > 6mmd-1 (a 21 %-26% increase in May and June), comparable to ARI of absorbing aerosols from April through August. Runoff changes accompany BC SDE-induced snow changes across Tibet, while runoff changes across India result predominantly from dust ARI. Finally, there are large differences in the simulated SDE between the VR and traditional 1° simulations, the latter of which simulates a much stronger SDE and more effectively modifies the regional circulation. © Author(s) 2019.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	atmospheric pollution; black carbon; dust; experimental study; hydrological cycle; monsoon; radiative transfer; snow; Arabian Sea; China; Indian Ocean; Persian Gulf; Qinghai-Xizang Plateau; South Asia
来源期刊	Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/144132
作者单位	Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University, 1000 E. University Ave., Laramie, WY 82071, United States; International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States; Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Rahimi S.,Liu X.,Wu C.,et al. Quantifying snow darkening and atmospheric radiative effects of black carbon and dust on the South Asian monsoon and hydrological cycle: Experiments using variable-resolution CESM[J],2019,19(18).
APA	Rahimi S..,Liu X..,Wu C..,Lau K.W..,Brown H..,...&Qian Y..(2019).Quantifying snow darkening and atmospheric radiative effects of black carbon and dust on the South Asian monsoon and hydrological cycle: Experiments using variable-resolution CESM.Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,19(18).
MLA	Rahimi S.,et al."Quantifying snow darkening and atmospheric radiative effects of black carbon and dust on the South Asian monsoon and hydrological cycle: Experiments using variable-resolution CESM".Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19.18(2019).