气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Nitrification of the lowermost stratosphere during the exceptionally cold Arctic winter 2015-2016

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DOI	10.5194/acp-19-13681-2019
	Nitrification of the lowermost stratosphere during the exceptionally cold Arctic winter 2015-2016
	Braun M.; Grooß J.-U.; Woiwode W.; Johansson S.; Höpfner M.; Friedl-Vallon F.; Oelhaf H.; Preusse P.; Ungermann J.; Sinnhuber B.-M.; Ziereis H.; Braesicke P.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	16807316
起始页码	13681
结束页码	13699
卷号	19 期号:21
英文摘要	The Arctic winter 2015-2016 was characterized by exceptionally low stratospheric temperatures, favouring the formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) from mid-December until the end of February down to low stratospheric altitudes. Observations by GLORIA (Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere) on HALO (High Altitude and LOng range research aircraft) during the PGS (POLSTRACC-GW-LCYCLE II-SALSA) campaign from December 2015 to March 2016 allow the investigation of the influence of denitrification on the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) with a high spatial resolution. Twodimensional vertical cross sections of nitric acid (HNO3) along the flight track and tracer-tracer correlations derived from the GLORIA observations document detailed pictures of wide-spread nitrification of the Arctic LMS during the course of an entire winter. GLORIA observations show largescale structures and local fine structures with enhanced absolute HNO3 volume mixing ratios reaching up to 11 ppbv at altitudes of 13 km in January and nitrified filaments persisting until the middle of March. Narrow coherent structures tilted with altitude of enhanced HNO3, observed in mid-January, are interpreted as regions recently nitrified by sublimating HNO3-containing particles. Overall, extensive nitrification of the LMS between 5.0 and 7.0 ppbv at potential temperature levels between 350 and 380K is estimated. The GLORIA observations are compared with CLaMS (Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere) simulations. The fundamental structures observed by GLORIA are well reproduced, but differences in the fine structures are diagnosed. Further, CLaMS predominantly underestimates the spatial extent of HNO3 maxima derived from the GLORIA observations as well as the overall nitrification of the LMS. Sensitivity simulations with CLaMS including (i) enhanced sedimentation rates in case of ice supersaturation (to resemble ice nucleation on nitric acid trihydrate (NAT)), (ii) a global temperature offset, (iii) modified growth rates (to resemble aspherical particles with larger surfaces) and (iv) temperature fluctuations (to resemble the impact of small-scale mountain waves) slightly improved the agreement with the GLORIA observations of individual flights. However, no parameter could be isolated which resulted in a general improvement for all flights. Still, the sensitivity simulations suggest that details of particle microphysics play a significant role for simulated LMS nitrification in January, while air subsidence, transport and mixing become increasingly important for the simulated HNO3 distributions towards the end of the winter. © 2019 Author(s).
语种	英语
scopus关键词	arctic environment; atmospheric chemistry; nitric acid; nitrification; polar stratospheric cloud; sensitivity analysis; spatial resolution; stratosphere; winter; Bivalvia
来源期刊	Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/144050
作者单位	Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany; Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Stratosphere (IEK-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Atmospheric Physics, German Aerospace Center, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Braun M.,Grooß J.-U.,Woiwode W.,et al. Nitrification of the lowermost stratosphere during the exceptionally cold Arctic winter 2015-2016[J],2019,19(21).
APA	Braun M..,Grooß J.-U..,Woiwode W..,Johansson S..,Höpfner M..,...&Braesicke P..(2019).Nitrification of the lowermost stratosphere during the exceptionally cold Arctic winter 2015-2016.Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,19(21).
MLA	Braun M.,et al."Nitrification of the lowermost stratosphere during the exceptionally cold Arctic winter 2015-2016".Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19.21(2019).