气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Country-specific dietary shifts to mitigate climate and water crises

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.05.010
	Country-specific dietary shifts to mitigate climate and water crises
	Kim B.F.; Santo R.E.; Scatterday A.P.; Fry J.P.; Synk C.M.; Cebron S.R.; Mekonnen M.M.; Hoekstra A.Y.; de Pee S.; Bloem M.W.; Neff R.A.; Nachman K.E.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0959-3780
卷号	62
英文摘要	Undernutrition, obesity, climate change, and freshwater depletion share food and agricultural systems as an underlying driver. Efforts to more closely align dietary patterns with sustainability and health goals could be better informed with data covering the spectrum of countries characterized by over- and undernutrition. Here, we model the greenhouse gas (GHG) and water footprints of nine increasingly plant-forward diets, aligned with criteria for a healthy diet, specific to 140 countries. Results varied widely by country due to differences in: nutritional adjustments, baseline consumption patterns from which modeled diets were derived, import patterns, and the GHG- and water-intensities of foods by country of origin. Relative to exclusively plant-based (vegan) diets, diets comprised of plant foods with modest amounts of low-food chain animals (i.e., forage fish, bivalve mollusks, insects) had comparably small GHG and water footprints. In 95 percent of countries, diets that only included animal products for one meal per day were less GHG-intensive than lacto-ovo vegetarian diets (in which terrestrial and aquatic meats were eliminated entirely) in part due to the GHG-intensity of dairy foods. The relatively optimal choices among modeled diets otherwise varied across countries, in part due to contributions from deforestation (e.g., for feed production and grazing lands) and highly freshwater-intensive forms of aquaculture. Globally, modest plant-forward shifts (e.g., to low red meat diets) were offset by modeled increases in protein and caloric intake among undernourished populations, resulting in net increases in GHG and water footprints. These and other findings highlight the importance of trade, culture, and nutrition in diet footprint analyses. The country-specific results presented here could provide nutritionally-viable pathways for high-meat consuming countries as well as transitioning countries that might otherwise adopt the Western dietary pattern. © 2019 The Authors
英文关键词	Dietary change; Food systems; Greenhouse gas emissions; Nutrition; Sustainable diet; Water footprint
语种	英语
scopus关键词	bivalve; climate change; deforestation; diet; ecological footprint; greenhouse ecosystem; nutrition; protein; sustainability; Animalia; Bivalvia; Hexapoda; Mollusca; Spondias purpurea
来源期刊	Global Environmental Change
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/142051
作者单位	Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21202, United States; Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Department of Health Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, United States; Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68508, United States; University of Twente, Enschede, 7522 NB, Netherlands; Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 259772, Singapore; United Nations World Food Programme, Rome, 00148, Italy; Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Risk Sciences and Public Policy Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public He...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kim B.F.,Santo R.E.,Scatterday A.P.,et al. Country-specific dietary shifts to mitigate climate and water crises[J],2020,62.
APA	Kim B.F..,Santo R.E..,Scatterday A.P..,Fry J.P..,Synk C.M..,...&Nachman K.E..(2020).Country-specific dietary shifts to mitigate climate and water crises.Global Environmental Change,62.
MLA	Kim B.F.,et al."Country-specific dietary shifts to mitigate climate and water crises".Global Environmental Change 62(2020).