气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Desert breath—How fog promotes a novel type of soil biocenosis, forming the coastal Atacama Desert’s living skin

CCPortal

DOI	10.1111/gbi.12368
	Desert breath—How fog promotes a novel type of soil biocenosis, forming the coastal Atacama Desert’s living skin
	Jung P.; Baumann K.; Lehnert L.W.; Samolov E.; Achilles S.; Schermer M.; Wraase L.M.; Eckhardt K.-U.; Bader M.Y.; Leinweber P.; Karsten U.; Bendix J.; Büdel B.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	14724677
起始页码	113
结束页码	124
卷号	18 期号:1
英文摘要	The Atacama Desert is the driest non-polar desert on Earth, presenting precarious conditions for biological activity. In the arid coastal belt, life is restricted to areas with fog events that cause almost daily wet–dry cycles. In such an area, we discovered a hitherto unknown and unique ground covering biocenosis dominated by lichens, fungi, and algae attached to grit-sized (~6 mm) quartz and granitoid stones. Comparable biocenosis forming a kind of a layer on top of soil and rock surfaces in general is summarized as cryptogamic ground covers (CGC) in literature. In contrast to known CGC from arid environments to which frequent cyclic wetting events are lethal, in the Atacama Desert every fog event is answered by photosynthetic activity of the soil community and thus considered as the desert's breath. Photosynthesis of the new CGC type is activated by the lowest amount of water known for such a community worldwide thus enabling the unique biocenosis to fulfill a variety of ecosystem services. In a considerable portion of the coastal Atacama Desert, it protects the soil from sporadically occurring splash erosion and contributes to the accumulation of soil carbon and nitrogen as well as soil formation through bio-weathering. The structure and function of the new CGC type are discussed, and we suggest the name grit–crust. We conclude that this type of CGC can be expected in all non-polar fog deserts of the world and may resemble the cryptogam communities that shaped ancient Earth. It may thus represent a relevant player in current and ancient biogeochemical cycling. © 2019 The Authors. Geobiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
关键词	arid region desert dominance fog fungus granitoid lichen microbial activity soil carbon soil cover soil microorganism soil nitrogen topsoil wetting-drying cycle Atacama Desert Chile algae Fungi desert climate ecosystem lichen (organism)microbiology soil Desert Climate Ecosystem Lichens Soil Soil Microbiology
语种	英语
来源机构	Geobiology
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/133210
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Jung P.,Baumann K.,Lehnert L.W.,等. Desert breath—How fog promotes a novel type of soil biocenosis, forming the coastal Atacama Desert’s living skin[J]. Geobiology,2020,18(1).
APA	Jung P..,Baumann K..,Lehnert L.W..,Samolov E..,Achilles S..,...&Büdel B..(2020).Desert breath—How fog promotes a novel type of soil biocenosis, forming the coastal Atacama Desert’s living skin.,18(1).
MLA	Jung P.,et al."Desert breath—How fog promotes a novel type of soil biocenosis, forming the coastal Atacama Desert’s living skin".18.1(2020).