气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Advancing Scientific Understanding of the Global Methane Budget in Support of the Paris Agreement

CCPortal

DOI	10.1029/2018GB006065
	Advancing Scientific Understanding of the Global Methane Budget in Support of the Paris Agreement
	Ganesan A.L.; Schwietzke S.; Poulter B.; Arnold T.; Lan X.; Rigby M.; Vogel F.R.; van der Werf G.R.; Janssens-Maenhout G.; Boesch H.; Pandey S.; Manning A.J.; Jackson R.B.; Nisbet E.G.; Manning M.R.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0886-6236
EISSN	1944-9224
起始页码	1475
结束页码	1512
卷号	33 期号:12
英文摘要	The 2015 Paris Agreement of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change aims to keep global average temperature increases well below 2 °C of preindustrial levels in the Year 2100. Vital to its success is achieving a decrease in the abundance of atmospheric methane (CH4), the second most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas. If this reduction is to be achieved, individual nations must make and meet reduction goals in their nationally determined contributions, with regular and independently verifiable global stock taking. Targets for the Paris Agreement have been set, and now the capability must follow to determine whether CH4 reductions are actually occurring. At present, however, there are significant limitations in the ability of scientists to quantify CH4 emissions accurately at global and national scales and to diagnose what mechanisms have altered trends in atmospheric mole fractions in the past decades. For example, in 2007, mole fractions suddenly started rising globally after a decade of almost no growth. More than a decade later, scientists are still debating the mechanisms behind this increase. This study reviews the main approaches and limitations in our current capability to diagnose the drivers of changes in atmospheric CH4 and, crucially, proposes ways to improve this capability in the coming decade. Recommendations include the following: (i) improvements to process-based models of the main sectors of CH4 emissions—proposed developments call for the expansion of tropical wetland flux measurements, bridging remote sensing products for improved measurement of wetland area and dynamics, expanding measurements of fossil fuel emissions at the facility and regional levels, expanding country-specific data on the composition of waste sent to landfill and the types of wastewater treatment systems implemented, characterizing and representing temporal profiles of crop growing seasons, implementing parameters related to ruminant emissions such as animal feed, and improving the detection of small fires associated with agriculture and deforestation; (ii) improvements to measurements of CH4 mole fraction and its isotopic variations—developments include greater vertical profiling at background sites, expanding networks of dense urban measurements with a greater focus on relatively poor countries, improving the precision of isotopic ratio measurements of 13CH4, CH3D, 14CH4, and clumped isotopes, creating isotopic reference materials for international-scale development, and expanding spatial and temporal characterization of isotopic source signatures; and (iii) improvements to inverse modeling systems to derive emissions from atmospheric measurements—advances are proposed in the areas of hydroxyl radical quantification, in systematic uncertainty quantification through validation of chemical transport models, in the use of source tracers for estimating sector-level emissions, and in the development of time and space resolved national inventories. These and other recommendations are proposed for the major areas of CH4 science with the aim of improving capability in the coming decade to quantify atmospheric CH4 budgets on the scales necessary for the success of climate policies. © 2019. The Authors.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	abundance; emission; environmental policy; fossil fuel; hydroxyl radical; isotopic ratio; methane; precision; remote sensing; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; wastewater treatment; Animalia
来源期刊	Global Biogeochemical Cycles
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/129679
作者单位	School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Environmental Defense Fund, Berlin, Germany; Biospheric Sciences Lab, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States; National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, United Kingdom; School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States; Global Monitoring Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, United States; School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Climate Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands; European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Sustainable Resources Directorate, Ispra, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; National Centre for Earth Observa...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ganesan A.L.,Schwietzke S.,Poulter B.,et al. Advancing Scientific Understanding of the Global Methane Budget in Support of the Paris Agreement[J],2019,33(12).
APA	Ganesan A.L..,Schwietzke S..,Poulter B..,Arnold T..,Lan X..,...&Manning M.R..(2019).Advancing Scientific Understanding of the Global Methane Budget in Support of the Paris Agreement.Global Biogeochemical Cycles,33(12).
MLA	Ganesan A.L.,et al."Advancing Scientific Understanding of the Global Methane Budget in Support of the Paris Agreement".Global Biogeochemical Cycles 33.12(2019).