气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Improvement of aerosol activation/ice nucleation in a source-oriented WRF-Chem model to study a winter Storm in California

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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.104790
	Improvement of aerosol activation/ice nucleation in a source-oriented WRF-Chem model to study a winter Storm in California
	Lee H.-H.; Chen S.-H.; Kumar A.; Zhang H.; Kleeman M.J.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0169-8095
卷号	235
英文摘要	The source-oriented Weather Research and Forecasting chemistry (SOWC) model is modified to improve mixed-phase cloud parameterization by including aerosol aging processes (external mixture) in cloud activation/nucleation. The improved SOWC model is applied to investigate how aerosol mixing state influences cloud and ice formation and atmospheric optical properties during a winter storm. SOWC tracks 6-dimensional chemical variables (X, Z, Y, Size Bins, Source Types, Species) through an explicit simulation of atmospheric chemistry and physics. A new module is implemented into the enhanced SOWC model to simulate microphysics processes with all source-oriented hydrometeors (cloud, ice, rain, snow and graupel) by using the modified Morrison two-moment microphysics scheme. In this study, all aerosol source types can activate to form cloud droplets based on the Köhler theory, but the dust source type is the only source of ice nuclei (IN). The Goddard shortwave and longwave radiation schemes are modified to use a new geometric optics method to estimate cloud optical properties by considering the chemistry components and the physical shape of each hydrometeor. The improved SOWC model is used to study a winter storm event that occurred on 6 March 2011, along the western coast of the United States. Compared to ground-based observations, SOWC with the modified Morrison microphysics scheme and modified Goddard radiation schemes predicts reasonable rainfall but the onset of precipitation is delayed by 6 h. Contact freezing is the main mechanism for ice nuclei formation over the ocean because of the number of collisions and large radius gaps between cloud droplets and ice nuclei. However, immersion freezing becomes the dominant nucleation process when the storm approached over land due to increased CCN concentrations and smaller radius gaps between cloud droplets and ice nuclei, especially for the internally mixed simulation, as well as the orographic lifting effect. Increasing CCN and IN in the internal mixing experiment results in 1.7% less rainfall and snowfall over the western coast of the United States. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
学科领域	Aerosols; Atmospheric chemistry; Chemical activation; Clouds; Drops; Freezing; Ice; Mixing; Nucleation; Optical properties; Rain; Snow; Storms; Atmospheric optical properties; Chemical variables; Cloud optical properties; Ground-based observations; Immersion freezing; Long-wave radiation; Nucleation process; Weather research and forecasting; Weather forecasting; aerosol; cloud condensation nucleus; optical property; parameterization; storm; weather forecasting; winter; California; United States
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Aerosols; Atmospheric chemistry; Chemical activation; Clouds; Drops; Freezing; Ice; Mixing; Nucleation; Optical properties; Rain; Snow; Storms; Atmospheric optical properties; Chemical variables; Cloud optical properties; Ground-based observations; Immersion freezing; Long-wave radiation; Nucleation process; Weather research and forecasting; Weather forecasting; aerosol; cloud condensation nucleus; optical property; parameterization; storm; weather forecasting; winter; California; United States
来源期刊	Atmospheric Research
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/120498
作者单位	Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lee H.-H.,Chen S.-H.,Kumar A.,et al. Improvement of aerosol activation/ice nucleation in a source-oriented WRF-Chem model to study a winter Storm in California[J],2020,235.
APA	Lee H.-H.,Chen S.-H.,Kumar A.,Zhang H.,&Kleeman M.J..(2020).Improvement of aerosol activation/ice nucleation in a source-oriented WRF-Chem model to study a winter Storm in California.Atmospheric Research,235.
MLA	Lee H.-H.,et al."Improvement of aerosol activation/ice nucleation in a source-oriented WRF-Chem model to study a winter Storm in California".Atmospheric Research 235(2020).