气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): PM2.5 in Abuja, Nigeria: Chemical characterization, source apportionment, temporal variations, transport pathways and the health risks assessment

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.104833
	PM2.5 in Abuja, Nigeria: Chemical characterization, source apportionment, temporal variations, transport pathways and the health risks assessment
	Sulaymon I.D.; Mei X.; Yang S.; Chen S.; Zhang Y.; Hopke P.K.; Schauer J.J.; Zhang Y.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0169-8095
卷号	237
英文摘要	Due to rapid industrial development and urbanization, Abuja is characterized with poor and deteriorated air quality. The level of PM2.5 concentrations in Abuja is very high and above the statutory limits; however, the high levels of pollution in Lugbe do not seem to be consistent with local emission sources. This study analyzed the chemical composition of PM2.5 to perform source identification and contributions in Lugbe, Abuja, Nigeria. Sampling in 2016 provided 246 PM2.5 samples at 2 sites across all the four months of sampling. The highest ambient PM2.5 concentration (142 μg m− 3) was recorded in winter while the lowest (84 μg m− 3) was observed in summer. Chemical mass closure suggested that dust (40.5%) contributed most of the PM2.5 mass. Source apportionment of PM2.5 was performed using positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and six sources were identified. They include mineral dust, crustal dust, vehicle exhaust, secondary nitrate, secondary sulfate, and industrial sources. Crustal dust, vehicle exhaust, and secondary sulfate were the major sources of ambient PM2.5 in Lugbe, contributing 33.3, 29.8, and 18.0%, respectively. The results of 120-h backward trajectories showed that external northeastern region was more dominant in January, while during the remaining three months, southwesterly winds prevailed. The results of bivariate polar plots for most of the factors showed the influence of the southern areas of Lugbe. The study found that there was long-range regional transport of PM2.5 into Lugbe area throughout the four months. Risk assessments revealed that ingestion route was the major exposure pathway for both children and adults. Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk levels were below the acceptable threshold limits. Finally, the results of this study have shown that ambient air quality in Lugbe can be substantially improved by reducing the emissions from crustal dust, vehicle exhaust, and secondary sulfate sources in the external southern regions. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Abuja; Health risks; Heavy metals; PMF; Regional long-range transport; Source apportionment
学科领域	Air quality; Chemical analysis; Dust; Factorization; Health risks; Heavy metals; Sulfur compounds; Vehicles; Abuja; Chemical characterization; Chemical compositions; Chemical mass closure; Industrial development; Long range transport; Positive matrix factorization models; Source apportionment; Risk assessment; aerosol composition; air quality; carcinogen; chemical analysis; concentration (composition); health risk; heavy metal; long range transport; particulate matter; source apportionment; temporal variation; Abuja [Nigeria]; Nigeria
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Air quality; Chemical analysis; Dust; Factorization; Health risks; Heavy metals; Sulfur compounds; Vehicles; Abuja; Chemical characterization; Chemical compositions; Chemical mass closure; Industrial development; Long range transport; Positive matrix factorization models; Source apportionment; Risk assessment; aerosol composition; air quality; carcinogen; chemical analysis; concentration (composition); health risk; heavy metal; long range transport; particulate matter; source apportionment; temporal variation; Abuja [Nigeria]; Nigeria
来源期刊	Atmospheric Research
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/120454
作者单位	College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Huairou Eco-Environmental Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China; Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, United States; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States; CAS Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sulaymon I.D.,Mei X.,Yang S.,et al. PM2.5 in Abuja, Nigeria: Chemical characterization, source apportionment, temporal variations, transport pathways and the health risks assessment[J],2020,237.
APA	Sulaymon I.D..,Mei X..,Yang S..,Chen S..,Zhang Y..,...&Zhang Y..(2020).PM2.5 in Abuja, Nigeria: Chemical characterization, source apportionment, temporal variations, transport pathways and the health risks assessment.Atmospheric Research,237.
MLA	Sulaymon I.D.,et al."PM2.5 in Abuja, Nigeria: Chemical characterization, source apportionment, temporal variations, transport pathways and the health risks assessment".Atmospheric Research 237(2020).