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DOI | 10.5194/tc-8-2219-2014 |
Seasonal cycle and long-term trend of solar energy fluxes through Arctic sea ice | |
Arndt S.; Nicolaus M. | |
发表日期 | 2014 |
ISSN | 19940416 |
卷号 | 8期号:6 |
英文摘要 | Arctic sea ice has not only decreased in volume during the last decades, but has also changed in its physical properties towards a thinner and more seasonal ice cover. These changes strongly impact the energy budget, and might affect the ice-associated ecosystems. In this study, we quantify solar shortwave fluxes through sea ice for the entire Arctic during all seasons. To focus on sea-ice-related processes, we exclude fluxes through open water, scaling linearly with sea ice concentration. We present a new parameterization of light transmittance through sea ice for all seasons as a function of variable sea ice properties. The maximum monthly mean solar heat flux under the ice of 30 × 105 Jm-2 occurs in June, enough heat to melt 0.3 m of sea ice. Furthermore, our results suggest that 96% of the annual solar heat input through sea ice occurs during only a 4-month period from May to August. Applying the new parameterization to remote sensing and reanalysis data from 1979 to 2011, we find an increase in transmitted light of 1.5% yr-1 for all regions. This corresponds to an increase in potential sea ice bottom melt of 63% over the 33-year study period. Sensitivity studies reveal that the results depend strongly on the timing of melt onset and the correct classification of ice types. Assuming 2 weeks earlier melt onset, the annual transmitted solar radiation to the upper ocean increases by 20%. Continuing the observed transition from a mixed multi-year/first-year sea ice cover to a seasonal ice cover results in an increase in light transmittance by an additional 18%. © Author(s) 2014. |
学科领域 | cryosphere; data set; ice cover; sea ice; seasonal variation; shortwave radiation; solar power; transmittance; trend analysis; Arctic Ocean |
语种 | 英语 |
scopus关键词 | cryosphere; data set; ice cover; sea ice; seasonal variation; shortwave radiation; solar power; transmittance; trend analysis; Arctic Ocean |
来源期刊 | Cryosphere |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/120004 |
作者单位 | Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Bussestraße 24, Bremerhaven, 27570, Germany |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Arndt S.,Nicolaus M.. Seasonal cycle and long-term trend of solar energy fluxes through Arctic sea ice[J],2014,8(6). |
APA | Arndt S.,&Nicolaus M..(2014).Seasonal cycle and long-term trend of solar energy fluxes through Arctic sea ice.Cryosphere,8(6). |
MLA | Arndt S.,et al."Seasonal cycle and long-term trend of solar energy fluxes through Arctic sea ice".Cryosphere 8.6(2014). |
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